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Beeinflusst die ökonomische Globalisierung die Einkommensungleichheit? Eine Meta-Analyse

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  • Philipp Heimberger

Abstract

Eine umfassende Literatur hat die Auswirkungen der ökonomischen Globalisierung auf die Einkommensungleichheit untersucht. Die ökonometrischen Schätzungen variieren jedoch erheblich, was es schwierig macht, valide Schlussfolgerungen zu ziehen. Dieses Papier präsentiert eine quantitative Zusammenfassung und Analyse der vorhandenen Schätzungen über den Effekt von Globalisierung auf die Einkommensungleichheit. Wir verwenden dabei einen neuen Datensatz, der aus 1254 Beobachtungen in 123 begutachteten wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriftenartikeln besteht. Durch die Anwendung von Meta-Analyse und Meta-Regressionsmethoden erzielen wir folgende Erkenntnisse. Erstens hat die ökonomische Globalisierung einen (kleinen bis mittelgroßen) die Einkommensungleichheit steigernden Effekt gezeitigt. Zweitens sind die Auswirkungen der Handelsglobalisierung nur gering, doch die finanzielle Globalisierung zeigt eine deutlich stärkere ungleichheitssteigernde Wirkung. Drittens finden wir eine durchschnittliche ungleichheitssteigernde Wirkung der Globalisierung sowohl in entwickelten Ländern als auch in Schwellenländern. Viertens moderieren Bildung und Technologie die Auswirkungen von Globalisierung auf die Einkommensungleichheit.

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  • Philipp Heimberger, 2019. "Beeinflusst die ökonomische Globalisierung die Einkommensungleichheit? Eine Meta-Analyse," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 45(4), pages 497-529.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2019v:45i:4p:497
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