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Handling the discontinuity in futures prices when time series modeling of commodity cash and futures prices

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  • Joshua G. Maples
  • B. Wade Brorsen

Abstract

Futures prices are discontinuous, with each future price series ending at maturity. Differencing before splicing can create a continuous future return series, but still leaves price levels with discrete jumps. When comparing cash and futures prices, there is a need to either make the futures more like the cash price by adding back the changes at rollover or removing the nonstationarity and seasonality from cash prices. In the specific situation of only testing market efficiency of futures prices, we propose using panel unit root tests. Our empirical examples using weekly prices show the null hypothesis of a unit root is not rejected in most cases regardless of the test used. Les prix à terme sont discontinus, chaque série de prix à terme se terminant à l'échéance. La différence avant l'épissage peut créer une série de rendements à terme continue, mais laisse toujours des niveaux de prix avec des sauts discrets. Lors de la comparaison des prix au comptant et à terme, il est nécessaire soit de rendre les contrats à terme plus proches du prix au comptant en rajoutant les changements au roulement, soit en supprimant la nonstationnarité et la saisonnalité des prix au comptant. Dans le cas particulier où l'on ne teste que l'efficacité du marché des prix à terme, nous proposons d'utiliser des tests de racine unitaire en panel. Nos exemples empiriques utilisant des prix hebdomadaires montrent que l'hypothèse nulle d'une racine unitaire n'est pas rejetée dans la plupart des cas, quel que soit le test utilisé.

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  • Joshua G. Maples & B. Wade Brorsen, 2022. "Handling the discontinuity in futures prices when time series modeling of commodity cash and futures prices," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 70(2), pages 139-152, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:70:y:2022:i:2:p:139-152
    DOI: 10.1111/cjag.12306
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