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Provision of Social Goods and Soft Budget Constraints

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  • Lars-Hendrik Röller
  • Zhentang Zhang

Abstract

Firms in socialist and transitional economies are often obliged to provide a social good in addition to a private good, which makes it difficult for a government to commit not to bail out the firm once it is in financial trouble. This creates a soft budget constraint syndrome which causes the firm to underinvest ex ante in order to extract state subsidy and thereby reduces dynamic efficiency. In this paper, we show that separating the provision of social goods from private goods can harden budget constraints, while introducing competition into the private market may not. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG - (Bereitstellung sozialer Leistungen und geringere Budgeteinschränkungen) Unternehmen in sozialistischen und Übergangsländern sind oft verpflichtet, neben privatwirtschaftlichen auch soziale Aufgaben zu übernehmen. Ob soziale Aufgaben von privaten Unternehmen oder von staatlichen Einrichtungen finanziert werden sollten, ist Gegenstand dieses Beitrags. Es wird gezeigt, daß die Verquickung von privatwirtschaftlichem Interesse mit öffentlichen Aufgaben durch gehörige Anreizprobleme gekennzeichnet ist. So entsteht etwa ein erhöhter Druck auf die Politik die Unternehmen zu subventionieren, wenn diese in finanzielle Schwierigkeiten geraten. Aufgrund dieser glaubwürdigen Absicherung seitens des Staates schwindet der Anreiz wettbewerbsfähige Strukturen in den Unternehmen umzusetzen, was in der Literatur unter dem Stichwort "soft budget constraint" diskutiert wird. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird gezeigt, daß eine saubere Trennungen von sozialen und privaten Aufgaben für eine Entstehung von wettbewerbsfähigen Strukturen notwendig ist. Die bloße Einführung von mehr Wettbewerbsdruck, ohne strukturelle Separierung, führt zu keinen marktwirtschaftlich sinnvollen Lösungen.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars-Hendrik Röller & Zhentang Zhang, 1999. "Provision of Social Goods and Soft Budget Constraints," CIG Working Papers FS IV 99-27, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB), Research Unit: Competition and Innovation (CIG).
  • Handle: RePEc:wzb:wzebiv:fsiv99-27
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Dynamic Efficiency; Transitional Economy; Soft Budget Constraint; Social Goods; Subsidy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • L30 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - General

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