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Differences de profils entre innovateurs et non-innovateurs : les petits etablissements du secteur des services aux entreprises

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  • Gellatly, Guy

Abstract

Le present document est consacre a un examen des differences entre les etablissements innovateurs et les etablissements non innovateurs dans les branches des services aux entreprises. Il est axe sur les petits etablissements qui fournissent des facteurs techniques essentiels a d'autres entreprises : les etablissements des branches des services informatiques et des services connexes, des services de genie et des autres services scientifiques et techniques. L'analyse debute par un examen de l'incidence de l'innovation au sein de la population des petites entreprises. Quarante pour cent des petites entreprises declarent implanter (ou introduire) de nouveaux produits ou procedes ou de nouvelles formes d'organisation ou des produits, des procedes ou des formes d'organisation ameliorees. Parmi ces entreprises, l'innovation en produits domine par rapport a l'innovation en procedes ou au changement organisationnel. Une majorite de ces etablissements laisse voir, en implantant regulierement des innovations, un engagement permanent en faveur de programmes d'innovation. A l'oppose, les entreprises qui n'implantent pas de nouveaux produits ou procedes ou de nouvelles methodes d'organisation ou des produits, des procedes ou des methodes d'organisation ameliorees fournissent peu de preuves a l'appui d'activites d'innovation. Le present document porte ensuite sur un examen des differences au niveau de l'intensite strategique entre les entreprises innovatrices et les entreprises non innovatrices. Les innovateurs attachent plus d'importance a la gestion financiere et a l'acquisition de capital. Les innovateurs mettent aussi davantage l'accent sur le recrutement de personnel qualifie et sur la promotion d'une remuneration comportant des incitatifs. Ces distinctions sont sensees; parmi les petites entreprises des branches effectuant beaucoup de R-D, le financement et les competences des ressources humaines jouent un role crucial a l'interieur du processus d'innovation. La derniere section du present document est consacree a un examen visant a determiner si les obstacles a l'innovation different entre les innovateurs et les non-innovateurs. Les innovateurs sont plus susceptibles de declarer des difficultes reliees a la reussite sur le marche, a l'imitation (ou a la copie) et aux restrictions en matiere de competences. Les preuves d'apprentissage par l'action sont plus evidentes dans un cadre multidimensionnel. La probabilite de se heurter a des obstacles relies aux risques et a des restrictions en matiere de ressources est plus elevee a l'interieur des etablissements qui s'engagent dans la R-D et qui ont recours a des droits de propriete intellectuelle, deux elements cles du processus d'innovation. Bien des obstacles a l'innovation sont egalement plus evidents pour les entreprises qui insistent sur les strategies de financement, de marketing, de production ou en matiere de ressources humaines.

Suggested Citation

  • Gellatly, Guy, 2000. "Differences de profils entre innovateurs et non-innovateurs : les petits etablissements du secteur des services aux entreprises," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2000143f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3f:2000143f
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    File URL: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/fr/catalogue/11F0019M2000143
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johnson, Joanne & Baldwin, John R., 1995. "Strategie des entreprises innovatrices et non innovatrices au Canada," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 1995073f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
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    5. Crepon, B. & Duguet, E. & Mairesse, J., 1998. "Research Investment, Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level," Papiers d'Economie Mathématique et Applications 98.15, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    6. Baldwin, John R. & Raffiquzzaman, Mohammed, 1995. "Adaptation par selection et adaptation evolutive : apprentissage et performance apres l'entree," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 1994072f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
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    1. Lin, Zhengxi & Baldwin, John R., 2001. "Entraves a l'adoption des technologies de pointe pour les fabricants canadiens," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2001173f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.

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