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Multilaterale Interchange-Gebühren: Man sollte das Kind nicht mit dem Bade ausschütten

Author

Listed:
  • Malte Krüger

Abstract

Die Regulierungsbehörden scheinen in Bezug auf multilaterale Interchange-Gebühren (MIF) ambivalent zu sein. Auf der einen Seite behandeln sie die MIF wie Kartellpreise in konventionellen Märkten. Andererseits haben sie eine Obergrenze für die MIF festgelegt - und damit das Konzept von Preisobergrenzen toleriert. Dieses Papier zeigt, dass diese Haltung der Regulierungsbehörden auf die Komplexität der zweiseitigen Märkte zurückzuführen ist. Es wird verdeutlicht, dass Emittenten nicht im Wettbewerb mit Acquirern und Acquirer nicht im Wettbewerb mit Emittenten stehen. Ebenso wenig besteht eine wettbewerbliche Konkurrenz unter den Emittenten um die Zahlungsakzeptanz am POS. Daher können die MIF kein Kartellpreis sein. Darüber hinaus wird argumentiert, dass die MIF als wirtschaftlicher Höchstpreis ein Bestandteil eines gut funktionierenden Kartenzahlungssystems sind. Alle anderen Optionen der Preisbestimmung leiden unter Trittbrettfahrerproblemen und hohen Transaktionskosten. Um die Funktionsweise eines Systems ohne die MIF richtig zu veranschaulichen, werden das deutsche Geldautomaten-System vor 2011 und die bilateralen Verhandlungen im Rahmen des deutschen electronic cash-Systems näher beleuchtet. Schließlich wird darauf hingewiesen, dass der aktuelle Regulierungsansatz zum Untergang der europäischen Kartensysteme führen kann, die derzeit unter dem Druck von Mastercard und Visa stehen.

Suggested Citation

  • Malte Krüger, 2019. "Multilaterale Interchange-Gebühren: Man sollte das Kind nicht mit dem Bade ausschütten," ROME Working Papers 201905, ROME Network.
    • Handle: RePEc:rmn:wpaper:201905
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Baxter, William F, 1983. "Bank Interchange of Transactional Paper: Legal and Economic Perspectives," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 26(3), pages 541-588, October.
    2. Schmiedel, Heiko & Börestam, Ann, 2011. "Interchange fees in card payments," Occasional Paper Series 131, European Central Bank.
    3. Santiago Carbó Valverde & Sujit Chakravorti & Francisco Rodríguez Fernández, 2016. "The Role of Interchange Fees in Two-Sided Markets: An Empirical Investigation on Payment Cards," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 98(2), pages 367-381, May.
    4. Wilko Bolt & Nicole Jonker & Mirjam Plooij, 2013. "Tourist test or tourist trap? Unintended consequences of debit card interchange fee regulation," DNB Working Papers 405, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    5. Börestam, Ann & Schmiedel, Heiko, 2011. "Interchange fees in card payments," Occasional Paper Series 131, European Central Bank.
    6. Wright Julian, 2004. "One-sided Logic in Two-sided Markets," Review of Network Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 3(1), pages 1-21, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mutilaterale Interchange Gebühren; MIF; Kartenzahlungssysteme; Europäische Kartenzahlungssysteme; Wettbewerbspolitik; Regulierung; zweiseitige Märkte; MIF-Regulierung; Interchange Regulierung;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D49 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Other
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • L14 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation
    • L41 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices

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