Экономическая Реформа 1992 Г.: Битва Правительства С Трудовыми Коллективами[Economic Reform in Russia in 1992: The Government Battles Labor Collectives]

The economic "battle" that took place in Russia in 1992 consisted of the struggle between the liberally-oriented government and the labor collectives, the latter of which regarded the government's reform program as an attempt to encroach upon the established system of collective property. The specific form of collective ownership that has been in de facto operation since the beginning of 1992 explains to a large degree the unorthodox reaction of the Russian economy to the introduction of shock therapy, and the subsequent failure of the government to make a rapid transition to a western-style economy. To support this hypothesis, the present article gives an analysis of the patterns of macroeconomic indicators in 1992, examines the strategies of the collective resistance of enterprises to the government's credit and monetary policies, discusses current aspects of the privatization process, and addresses the basic behavioral traits of collective firms.