IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/117425.html

Non-interest Income and Profitability: A Case of Pakistani Banks

Author

Listed:
  • Javaid, Shahid Hussain

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of non-interest income on bank performance for Pakistan. The study used Auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) method on quarterly data from 2011 to2021 for this purpose. The results show that decrease in non-interest income decreases the profitability of Pakistani banks. Furthermore, analyzing the components of non-interest income, it is found that decrease in income from dividend and foreign currency led to this decrease in profitability whereas fees & commission showed negative impact on performance. This suggests that commercial banks may increase the foreign currency earnings and dividends to enhance their profitability. This study may be helpful for commercial bankers, State bank of Pakistan and other financial institutions to build up non-interest income framework and policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Javaid, Shahid Hussain, 2021. "Non-interest Income and Profitability: A Case of Pakistani Banks," MPRA Paper 117425, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2022.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:117425
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117425/1/comment%20adjusted%20paper%20%284%29%20%285%29.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Iraj Noor & Danish Ahmed Siddiqui, 2019. "Evidence of Non-Linear Relationship between Non-Interest Income and Profitability of Commercial Banks in Pakistan," Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 7(1), pages 14-26.
    2. Lozano-Vivas, Ana & Pasiouras, Fotios, 2010. "The impact of non-traditional activities on the estimation of bank efficiency: International evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(7), pages 1436-1449, July.
    3. Stiroh, Kevin J, 2004. "Diversification in Banking: Is Noninterest Income the Answer?," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(5), pages 853-882, October.
    4. DeYoung, Robert & Roland, Karin P., 2001. "Product Mix and Earnings Volatility at Commercial Banks: Evidence from a Degree of Total Leverage Model," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 54-84, January.
    5. Robert DeYoung & Tara Rice, 2004. "Noninterest Income and Financial Performance at U.S. Commercial Banks," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 39(1), pages 101-127, February.
    6. Brighi, Paola & Venturelli, Valeria, 2016. "How functional and geographic diversification affect bank profitability during the crisis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 16(C), pages 1-10.
    7. Iraj Noor & Danish Ahmed Siddiqui, 2019. "Evidence of Non-Linear Relationship between Non-Interest Income and Profitability of Commercial Banks in Pakistan," Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 7(1), pages 14-26, March.
    8. Sehrish Gul & Faiza Irshad & Khalid Zaman, 2011. "Factors Affecting Bank Profitability in Pakistan," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 14(39), pages 61-87, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Valeria Venturelli & Andrea Landi & Riccardo Ferretti & Stefano Cosma & Elisabetta Gualandri, 2021. "How does the financial market evaluate business models? Evidence from European banks," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 50(2), July.
    2. Haykel Zouaoui & Faten Zoghlami, 2023. "What do we know about the impact of income diversification on bank performance? A systematic literature review," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(3), pages 286-309, September.
    3. Zouaoui, Haykel & Zoghlami, Feten, 2020. "On the income diversification and bank market power nexus in the MENA countries: Evidence from a GMM panel-VAR approach," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    4. Duong Thuy Phan & Trong Tai Nguyen & Thi Thanh Hoang, 2022. "Impact of income diversification on the business performance of Vietnamese commercial banks," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 2132592-213, December.
    5. Mamatzakis, Emmanuel & Bermpei, Theodora, 2014. "What drives investment bank performance? The role of risk, liquidity and fees prior to and during the crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 102-117.
    6. Stefano Cosma & Riccardo Ferretti & Elisabetta Gualandri & Andrea Landi & Valeria Venturelli, 2017. "How Does Financial Market Evaluate Business Models? Evidence From European Banks," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 17105, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    7. Bang Nam Jeon & Ji Wu & Limei Chen & Minghua Chen, 2020. "Diversification, efficiency and risk of banks: New consolidating evidence from emerging economies," School of Economics Working Paper Series 2020-10, LeBow College of Business, Drexel University.
    8. Karolina Vozkova, 2018. "Why Did EU Banks Change Their Business Models in Last Years and What Was the Impact of Net Fee and Commission Income on Their Performance?," Working Papers IES 2018/04, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised Feb 2018.
    9. Nguyen, My & Skully, Michael & Perera, Shrimal, 2012. "Bank market power and revenue diversification: Evidence from selected ASEAN countries," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(6), pages 688-700.
    10. Li, Li & Zhang, Yu, 2013. "Are there diversification benefits of increasing noninterest income in the Chinese banking industry?," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 151-165.
    11. Massimiliano Affinito & Matteo D'Amato & Raffaele Santioni, 2023. "The evolution of bank fees as a source of income: trends and new business models – evidence from Italy," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 777, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    12. Căpraru, Bogdan & Ihnatov, Iulian & Pintilie, Nicoleta-Livia, 2020. "Competition and diversification in the European Banking Sector," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    13. Abedifar, Pejman & Molyneux, Philip & Tarazi, Amine, 2018. "Non-interest income and bank lending," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 411-426.
    14. Iraj Noor & Danish Ahmed Siddiqui, 2019. "Evidence of Non-Linear Relationship between Non-Interest Income and Profitability of Commercial Banks in Pakistan," Asian Journal of Economic Modelling, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 7(1), pages 14-26, March.
    15. Nguyen, My & Skully, Michael & Perera, Shrimal, 2012. "Market power, revenue diversification and bank stability: Evidence from selected South Asian countries," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 897-912.
    16. Hou, Xiaohui & Wang, Qing & Li, Cheng, 2015. "Role of off-balance sheet operations on bank scale economies: Evidence from China's banking sector," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 140-153.
    17. Maudos, Joaquín, 2017. "Income structure, profitability and risk in the European banking sector: The impact of the crisis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(PA), pages 85-101.
    18. Olarewaju Odunayo Magret, 2018. "Income Diversification in Low Income Sub-Saharan African Countries’ Commercial Banks: A “Blessing” or “Curse”?," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 18(2), pages 90-105, December.
    19. Zhang, Ailian & Wang, Shuyao & Liu, Bai & Fu, Jingyuan, 2020. "The double-edged sword effect of diversified operation on pre- and post-loan risk in the government-led Chinese commercial banks," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    20. Yang, Xiaolou, 2017. "Reexamination of risk-taking incentives in banking: Realign incentives and curtail future episodes of mismanagement," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 238-248.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • E40 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - General
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:117425. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.