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Acteurs associatifs et protection sociale dans l’exploitation minière artisanale et à petite échelle: survol de la littérature sur l’est de la RD Congo

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  • Dunia Kabunga, Philippe
  • Geenen, Sara
  • Iragi Mukotanyi, Francine
  • Bashizi, Anuarite

Abstract

L’exploitation minière artisanale et à petite échelle (EMAPE) est san s dou te l’u n de pri ncipaux secteurs de l’économie informelle en RD Congo et ce, à l’instar de beaucoup d’autres pays en développement. Elle regroupe de millions d’individus à travers le monde (Delve, 2020). Son importance économique et sur l’emploi n’est plus à prouver. Cette étude se focalise sur les acteurs associatifs qui interviennent dans la protection sociale des exploitants. L’EMAPE étant hautement « hétérogène », elle regroupe aussi bien des individus que des groupes d’acteurs formels tels que des coopératives, et beaucoup d’autres acteurs informels comme par exemple de petits comités d’exploitants. Ceux-ci, ayant souvent existé avant les associations formelles, se révèlent encore être de plus en plus nécessaires pour les exploitants à cause aussi du poids que revêtent les organisations formelles sur les exploitants (Bikubanya & al., 2022b). C’est le cas pour les coopératives donnant l’image d’organisation d’extorsion (De Haan & Geenen, 2016) ; ou encore de captation en faveur des élites (Bashizi & Geenen, 2015) pour beaucoup d’exploitants. Dans ce papier, il va s’agir de voir la diversité des acteurs associatifs e t l es r ôles q u’ils j ouent d ans l a protection sociale (PS) des exploitants. L’étude est préliminaire et se base sur la revue de la littérature (non exhaustive) à partir de résultats de recherches menées dans quelques provinces et sites de l’est de la RD Congo.

Suggested Citation

  • Dunia Kabunga, Philippe & Geenen, Sara & Iragi Mukotanyi, Francine & Bashizi, Anuarite, 2025. "Acteurs associatifs et protection sociale dans l’exploitation minière artisanale et à petite échelle: survol de la littérature sur l’est de la RD Congo," IOB Working Papers 2025.06, Universiteit Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy (IOB).
    • Handle: RePEc:iob:wpaper:2025.06
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sara Geenen & Divin‐Luc Bikubanya, 2024. "Heterogeneity and Labour Agency in Artisanal and Small‐scale Gold Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 55(1), pages 123-156, January.
    2. Geenen, Sara, 2012. "A dangerous bet: The challenges of formalizing artisanal mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 322-330.
    3. Laura Alfers & Francie Lund & Rachel Moussié, 2017. "Approaches to social protection for informal workers: Aligning productivist and human rights‐based approaches," International Social Security Review, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 70(4), pages 67-85, October.
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