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Social investments in the knowledge economy: The politics of inclusive, stratified, and targeted reforms across the globe

Author

Listed:
  • Julian Garritzmann

    (Goethe University Frankfurt)

  • Silja Häusermann

    (UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich)

  • Bruno Palier

    (CEE - Centre d'études européennes et de politique comparée (Sciences Po, CNRS) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

As countries transition from industrial to post‐industrial knowledge economies, education and skills are crucial. Consequently, policy‐makers around the globe have increasingly focused on social investment, that is, policies aiming to create, mobilize, or preserve skills. Yet, countries around the globe have developed social investments to different degrees and in highly different forms. Our goal is twofold: First, we introduce a new typology of social investment policies, distinguishing nine types along two dimensions: three distributive profiles (inclusive, stratified, targeted) and three functions (skill creation, preservation, mobilization). This differentiation allows fine‐grained analyses of the causes and consequences of different kinds of social investments, thus offering a perspective to study the relationship between efficiency and inclusiveness in a way that goes beyond the mere discussion how social investment policies grosso modo affect inequalities (‘equalizing' versus ‘Matthew Effects'). Second, we theorize on the politics of social investment. We argue that the interaction of policy legacies and socioeconomic factors is the main explanation for which functions of social investment policies are introduced, whereas their distributive profiles are crucially shaped by political coalitions. We illustrate with empirical material from democracies around the globe.

Suggested Citation

  • Julian Garritzmann & Silja Häusermann & Bruno Palier, 2022. "Social investments in the knowledge economy: The politics of inclusive, stratified, and targeted reforms across the globe," Post-Print hal-04383939, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04383939
    DOI: 10.1111/spol.12874
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-04383939
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