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Commerce équitable, développement durable et décroissance : concepts et pratiques

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  • Bernard Schéou

    (UMR ART-Dev - Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia)

Abstract

Décroissance et développement durable sont-ils réellement des projets complètement opposés et incompatibles ? Et si oui, où se situe le commerce équitable sur l'axe opposant le développement durable à la théorie de la décroissance ? Afin de répondre à ces interrogations, nous questionnons dans ce texte le commerce équitable, le développement durable et la décroissance, tant pour ce qui est de leurs fondements théoriques que de leurs mises en oeuvre, afin de les positionner conceptuellement et pratiquement les uns par rapport aux autres. La multiplicité des interprétations et des pratiques se réclamant des trois concepts rend l'exhaustivité impossible. En ce qui concerne le développement durable, le succès de ce concept en fait désormais un slogan incontournable dont doit se réclamer tout projet et toute activité économique et commerciale, slogan, souvent utilisé abusivement et qui, la plupart du temps, masque une méconnaissance des principes fondateurs du développement durable. Pour le commerce équitable, ce n'est pas tant l'utilisation abusive de l'expression, bien qu'elle soit de plus en plus fréquente, qu'une pluralité de visions et l'éparpillement des initiatives qui expliquent la multiplicité des pratiques. Les résultats montrent que le spectre suffisamment large et complexe des pratiques rend possible le dépassement des oppositions de principes initiales et la perspective d'une certaine complémentarité entre ces différentes approches.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernard Schéou, 2006. "Commerce équitable, développement durable et décroissance : concepts et pratiques," Post-Print hal-03437923, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03437923
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03437923v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Joseph Stiglitz, 1974. "Growth with Exhaustible Natural Resources: Efficient and Optimal Growth Paths," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 41(5), pages 123-137.
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