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Open Innovation Business Models : the example of living labs in France

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  • Ingrid Fasshauer

    (Université Gustave Eiffel, DICEN-IDF - Dispositifs d'Information et de Communication à l'Ère du Numérique - Paris Île-de-France - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université - Université Gustave Eiffel)

Abstract

Livings labs, emerging forms of collaborative innovation including users in their real-life context, are more and more numerous in France. Even if part of them is organized in a network, they are very diverse in terms of portage, legal structure and above all business model. The latter is all the more crucial since Schuurman (2015) notes a mortality rate of 40% on living labs labeled by the largest network of living labs, European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL). A large number of living labs thus have an unwanted temporary nature (Leminen et al., 2012). Based on a survey, it highlights that three forms of value are generated by the living labs studied: knowledge creation, social impact and economic value. Revenues can be exclusively public, exclusively private or mixed. As for the sharing of value, it is a concern for several living labs which respond by ensuring the dissemination of their innovations to a wide audience. Only research-oriented laboratories have intellectual property protection practices. By taking these three dimensions into account, we propose a typology distinguishing between four categories of living labs.

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  • Ingrid Fasshauer, 2020. "Open Innovation Business Models : the example of living labs in France," Post-Print hal-03312263, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03312263
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03312263
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    Living Lab; Open Innovation; Business Model; Value sharing;
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