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Geographical indications and trade: Firm-level evidence from the French cheese industry

Author

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  • Sabine Duvaleix-Treguer

    (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement)

  • Charlotte Emlinger

    (Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], CEPII - Centre d'études prospectives et d'informations internationales)

  • Carl Gaigné

    (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement)

  • Karine Latouche

    (SMART-LERECO - Structures et Marché Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement)

Abstract

The protection of geographical indications is now an important feature of trade agreements. In this paper, we examine whether geographical indications are valued by foreign consumers and whether they have implications for trade at firm level. We use firm-product level data from French Customs and a unique dataset of firms and products concerned by Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) in the cheese and butter sector. Our estimations show that PDO varieties are perceived by consumers as varieties of higher quality than non-PDO varieties and that the prices of PDO varieties are 11.5% higher than those of non-PDO. Firms producing PDO varieties do not export higher volumes, but benefit from a better access to European markets and to countries with a similar policy about geographical indications. The inclusion of some GI varieties in trade agreements may thus constitute an opportunity for PDO producers to increase their market access.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabine Duvaleix-Treguer & Charlotte Emlinger & Carl Gaigné & Karine Latouche, 2021. "Geographical indications and trade: Firm-level evidence from the French cheese industry," Post-Print hal-03269987, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03269987
    DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2021.102118
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03269987v1
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    Cited by:

    1. Rackl, Jakob & Menapace, Luisa, 2025. "Coordination in agri-food supply chains: The role of Geographical Indication certification," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    2. Kim, Dongin & Steinbach, Sandro & Zurita, Carlos, 2024. "Regional Trade Agreements and Virtual Water Trade," 2024 Annual Meeting, July 28-30, New Orleans, LA 344045, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Mattia Iotti & Giovanni Ferri & Elisa Manghi & Alberto Calugi & Giuseppe Bonazzi, 2024. "Sustainability Assessment of the Performance of Parmigiano Reggiano PDO Firms: A Comparative Analysis of Firms’ Legal Form and Altitude Range," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-41, October.
    4. Haisheng Hu, 2025. "Analysis of the impact mechanism of the China-EU geographical indications agreement policy on agricultural product Exports," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 15(3), pages 891-913, September.
    5. Resce, Giuliano & Vaquero-Piñeiro, Cristina, 2023. "Taste of home: Birth town bias in Geographical Indications," Economics & Statistics Discussion Papers esdp23089, University of Molise, Department of Economics.
    6. Resce, Giuliano & Vaquero-Piñeiro, Cristina, 2024. "Political favouritism and inefficient management: Policy-makers’ birth town bias in EU quality certifications," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 46(3), pages 683-702.
    7. Rungsaran Wongprawmas & Enrica Morea & Annalisa De Boni & Giuseppe Di Vita & Cinzia Barbieri & Cristina Mora, 2025. "From Tradition to Sustainability: Identifying Value-Added Label Attributes in the Italian Protected Designation of Origin Cheese Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-19, June.
    8. repec:ags:aaea22:335669 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Weiwen Qian & Yinguo Dong, 2023. "Comparative study on the geographical indication protection between China and the European Union - From the perspective of the China-EU Geographical Indications Agreement," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(5), pages 185-201.
    10. Mara Giua & Luca Salvatici & Cristina Vaquero-Piñeiro & Roberto Solazzo, 2025. "Do Territories with Geographical Indications Trade Better?," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 11(1), pages 31-64, March.
    11. De Filippis, Fabrizio & Giua, Mara & Salvatici, Luca & Vaquero-Piñeiro, Cristina, 2022. "The international trade impacts of Geographical Indications: Hype or hope?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    12. Weiwen Qian & Yinguo Dong & Yuchen Liu, 2025. "Mutual recognition of geographical indications and China's agricultural exports—On the use of domestic and international markets," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(2), pages 445-480, April.

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    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade

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