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Active labor market programs’ effects on entrepreneurship and unemployment

Author

Listed:
  • Catherine Laffineur

    (UniCA - Université Côte d'Azur, EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Saulo Dubard Barbosa

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Alain Fayolle

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Emeran Nziali

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

Abstract

Many countries are turning to active labor market programs (ALMP) to increase individuals' incentive to start a business and to reduce unemployment, but research on the effectiveness of such programs has produced mixed results and is still inconclusive at the macroeconomic level. This article examines the importance of ALMP targeted at entrepreneurship to explain cross-country differences in aggregate entrepreneurship rate. By using GEM data over the period 2002–2013 on OECD countries, our results show a positive impact of ALMP on the rate of necessity entrepreneurship but no significant effect on the rate of opportunity entrepreneurship. We further established that generous unemployment benefits reduce the positive outcome of ALMP on the aggregate rate of necessity entrepreneurship. Moreover, because most businesses started out of necessity do not create new jobs, we find that the economic spin-off of such programs in terms of unemployment reduction is very limited.

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine Laffineur & Saulo Dubard Barbosa & Alain Fayolle & Emeran Nziali, 2017. "Active labor market programs’ effects on entrepreneurship and unemployment," Post-Print hal-02311998, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02311998
    DOI: 10.1007/s11187-017-9857-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Camarero Garcia, Sebastian & Hansch, Michelle, 2020. "The effect of unemployment insurance benefits on (self-)employment: Two sides of the same coin?," ZEW Discussion Papers 20-062, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    2. Eriko Naiki & Yuta Ogane, 2024. "Effects of entrepreneurial heterogeneity within necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurs on business performance," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 807-840, June.
    3. Ana Iolanda Vodă & Nelu Florea, 2019. "Impact of Personality Traits and Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business and Engineering Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-34, February.
    4. Małgorzata Wosiek, 2023. "Unemployment and Enterprise Births in European Countries: A Sectoral Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    5. Raunak Gupta, 2024. "Untangling the nexus of entrepreneurship and unemployment: a bibliometric review," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Habib Allah Ranaei Kordshouli & Bahareh Maleki, 2023. "Entrepreneurship motivation and institutions: system dynamics and scenario planning," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 13(1), pages 1-25, December.
    7. Henry Kankwamba & Lukas Kornher, 2019. "Performance, behaviour and organization of maize trading in Malawi," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 7(1), pages 1-20, December.
    8. Xiong, Jiacai & Yang, Zelin & Wang, Xin & Chan, Kam C., 2023. "Does dialect diversity affect entrepreneurial activities? Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    9. Focacci, Chiara Natalie & Santarelli, Enrico, 2021. "Job Training, Remote Working, and Self-Employment: Displaced Workers Beyond Employment Hysteresis," GLO Discussion Paper Series 780, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    10. Irina Bilan & Constantin-Marius Apostoaie, 2023. "Unemployment benefits, entrepreneurship policies, and new business creation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(4), pages 1411-1436, December.
    11. David B. Audretsch & Maksim Belitski & Farzana Chowdhury & Sameeksha Desai, 2022. "Necessity or opportunity? Government size, tax policy, corruption, and implications for entrepreneurship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 2025-2042, April.
    12. Laffineur, Catherine & Dubard Barbosa, Saulo & Fayolle, Alain & Montmartin, Benjamin, 2020. "The unshackled entrepreneur: Occupational determinants of entrepreneurial effort," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(5).
    13. Kelefa Mwantimwa & Mesia Ilomo & Elias Mwabungulu & Debora Mbilinyi & Mwajabu Possi & Magreth Matonya, 2022. "Graduate’ future intention to venture entrepreneurial activities: the foreseen personal, sectoral and macro barriers," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 12(1), pages 143-155, December.
    14. Xianhua Sun & Ailun Xiong & Hongyi Li & Hans Westlund & Yuheng Li, 2023. "Does social capital influence small business entrepreneurship? Differences between urban and rural China," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 70(3), pages 819-837, June.

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