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Impact des financements internationaux sur les inégalités des pays en développement

Author

Listed:
  • Lisa Chauvet

    (DIAL, IRD, Paris)

  • Sandrine Mesplé-Somps

    (DIAL, IRD, Paris)

Abstract

We propose an econometric analysis of the distributive impact of trade flows, foreign direct investment (FDI), official aid and migrants’ remittances. Results suggest that FDI increases inequality, while remittances tend to reduce inequality. Trade and aid have a non-linear relationship with income distribution : trade favours the poorest in middle income countries while aid favours the middle class in democracies. Simulations suggest that, on average, the highly adverse impact on distribution of FDI is not compensated by the other three sources of financing. Moreover, African countries show a different pattern of distributional impact of trade and aid.________________________________ Nous proposons une analyse économétrique de l’impact sur la distribution des revenus de quatre sources de flux de financements internationaux : les échanges commerciaux, les investissements directs étrangers (IDE), l’aide publique et les transferts des migrants. Nos estimations suggèrent que les IDE augmentent les inégalités, à l’opposé des transferts des migrants. L’ouverture semble être favorable aux populations pauvres dans les pays à revenu intermédiaire, tandis que l’aide est favorable aux classes moyennes dans les pays démocratiques. Des simulations suggèrent qu’en moyenne le fort impact négatif des IDE sur les inégalités n’est pas totalement compensé par l’influence plutôt égalitaire des trois autres sources de financement. De plus, les pays africains semblent se distinguer en ce qui concerne l’impact distributif des flux commerciaux et d’aide.

Suggested Citation

  • Lisa Chauvet & Sandrine Mesplé-Somps, 2006. "Impact des financements internationaux sur les inégalités des pays en développement," Working Papers DT/2006/18, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200618
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    1. repec:dau:papers:123456789/13581 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Lisa Chauvet & Marin Ferry & Patrick Guillaumont & Sylviane Guillaumont Jeanneney & Sampawende J.-A. Tapsoba & Laurent Wagner, 2019. "Volatility widens inequality. Could aid and remittances help?," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 155(1), pages 71-104, February.
    3. Christian EBEKE, 2010. "Transferts des migrants, ouverture sur l'extérieur et dépenses publiques dans les pays en développement," Working Papers 201011, CERDI.
    4. Patrick GUILLAUMONT, 2009. "Aid effectiveness for poverty reduction: macroeconomic overview and emerging issues," Working Papers P05, FERDI.
    5. Patrick Guillaumont, 2011. "Aid effectiveness for poverty reduction:macroeconomic overview and emerging issues," CERDI Working papers halshs-00554285, HAL.
    6. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4301 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Jordan Signor & Julien Vandernoot, 2021. "Does Foreign Aid Contribute to HDI Improvement?," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 11(2), pages 1-2.
    8. Ebeke, Christian Hubert, 2012. "The power of remittances on the international prevalence of child labor," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 452-462.
    9. Hajer Kratou & Mohamed Goaied, 2016. "How Can Globalization Affect Income Distribution? Evidence from Developing Countries," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(2), pages 132-158, March.
    10. Alassane DRABO & Christian EBEKE, 2010. "Remittances, Public Health Spending and Foreign Aid in the Access to Health Care Services in Developing Countries," Working Papers 201004, CERDI.
    11. Chauvet, Lisa & Ehrhart, Hélène, 2018. "Aid and growth: evidence from firm-level data," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 461-477.
    12. Lisa Chauvet & Flore Gubert & Sandrine Mesplé-Somps, 2009. "Are Remittances More Effective Than Aid To Reduce Child Mortality? An Empirical Assessment using Inter and Intra-Country Data," Working Papers DT/2009/11, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
    13. Maëlan LE GOFF & Christian EBEKE, 2009. "Why Migrants' Remittances Reduce Income Inequality in some Countries and not in Others?," Working Papers 200919, CERDI.
    14. Alexandra T Tapsoba & Pascale Combes Motel & Jean-Louis Combes, 2019. "Remittances, food security and climate variability: The case of Burkina Faso," Working Papers halshs-02364775, HAL.
    15. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10707 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Afolabi Tunde Ahmed & Imran Ur Rahman, 2020. "The Impact of FDI and Foreign Aid on the Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan African Countries," International Journal of Science and Business, IJSAB International, vol. 4(6), pages 53-70.
    17. Kamguia, Brice & Tadadjeu, Sosson & Miamo, Clovis & Njangang, Henri, 2022. "Does foreign aid impede economic complexity in developing countries?," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 71-88.
    18. Tebkieta Alexandra Tapsoba, 2022. "Remittances and households' livelihood in the context of Covid‐19: Evidence from Burkina Faso," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(4), pages 737-753, May.
    19. Caroline DAYMON, 2012. "Ouverture Commerciale, Inégalités De Revenu Et Répartition Salariale Dans Les Pays Du Sud Et De L’Est De La Méditerranée," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 35, pages 81-98.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inégalités; aide; transferts des migrants; IDE; ouverture commerciale; Inequality; aid; remittances; FDI; trade openness;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • F2 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business
    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid

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