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Geographic spread of currency trading: The renminbi and other EM currencies

Author

Listed:
  • Yin-Wong Cheung

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Robert N McCauley

    (Bank for International Settlements)

  • Chang Shu

    (Bloomberg)

Abstract

We study the ongoing diffusion of renminbi trading across the globe, the first such research for an international currency. We analyse the distribution in offshore renminbi trading in 2013 and 2016, using comprehensive data from the central bank triennial survey of foreign exchange markets. In 2013, Asian centres favoured by the policy of renminbi internationalisation had big shares in global renminbi trading. In the following three years, renminbi trading seemed to converge to the spatial pattern of all currencies, with a half-life of 7-8 years. The previously most traded emerging market currency, the Mexican peso, shows a similar pattern, although it is converging to the global norm more slowly. Three other emerging market currencies show a qualitatively similar evolution in the geography of their offshore trading. Overall the renminbi’s internationalisation is tracing an arc from the influence of administrative measures to the working of market forces.

Suggested Citation

  • Yin-Wong Cheung & Robert N McCauley & Chang Shu, 2019. "Geographic spread of currency trading: The renminbi and other EM currencies," GRU Working Paper Series GRU_2019_011, City University of Hong Kong, Department of Economics and Finance, Global Research Unit.
    • Handle: RePEc:cth:wpaper:gru_2019_011
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    2. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Grimm, Louisa & Westermann, Frank, 2021. "The evolution of offshore renminbi trading: 2016 to 2019," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    3. Frank Westermann, 2023. "On the Geographical Dispersion of Euro Currency Trading: An Analysis of the First 20 Years and a Comparison to the RMB," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 65(2), pages 263-287, June.
    4. Haihong Gao & Yingting Li, 2020. "The Renminbi as a Trading Currency: Evidence from Selected Countries Participating in the Belt and Road Initiative," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 28(5), pages 45-63, September.
    5. Mengyang Li & Wencui Liu & Lei Wang, 2024. "Currency risk analysis of belt and road initiative countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(7), pages 1-25, July.
    6. Kerry Liu, 2020. "Hong Kong: Inevitably irrelevant to China?," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(1), pages 2-23, February.
    7. Robert N McCauley & Catherine R Schenk, 2020. "Central bank swaps then and now: swaps and dollar liquidity in the 1960s," BIS Working Papers 851, Bank for International Settlements.
    8. Cerutti, Eugenio & Casanova, Catherine & Pradhan, Swapan-Kumar, 2023. "Banking across borders: Are Chinese banks different?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    9. Bauer, Felix & Robbert, Juliana, 2025. "A note on the geographical dispersion of emerging market currencies: The role of outliers," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    10. Arslanalp, Serkan & Eichengreen, Barry & Simpson-Bell, Chima, 2022. "The stealth erosion of dollar dominance and the rise of nontraditional reserve currencies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    11. Yin-Wong Cheung, 2023. "A decade of RMB internationalisation," Economic and Political Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(1), pages 47-74, January.
    12. Andreas Schrimpf & Vladyslav Sushko, 2019. "Sizing up global foreign exchange markets," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.

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    JEL classification:

    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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