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Capital Injection, Restructuring Targets and Personnel Management: The Case of Japanese Regional Banks

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  • Kazuki Onji, David Vera and Jenny Corbett

Abstract

A case study of the Japanese bank recapitalization by Hoshi and Kashyap (2005) identified a bank that overstated the progress of required personnel downsizing by shifting employees to subsidiaries. This paper asks if the recapitalization program had a systematic flaw in design. We focus on regional banks with a unique panel dataset of 82 banking groups that allows us to observe the employment levels of subsidiaries, in addition to those of parent banks, over fiscal 1994--2006. We estimate a labor-demand equation with sluggish adjustment to compare the employment patterns of public capital recipients and other banks. We found 4 banks increased subsidiary employment after receiving capital injection, but only temporarily. This temporary effect suggests that the personnel shifting was essentially layoffs. Our finding indicates that, despite the limited transparency of personnel sizes on the consolidated basis, rules on capital injection provided incentives for most recipients to pursue downsizing.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuki Onji, David Vera and Jenny Corbett, 2011. "Capital Injection, Restructuring Targets and Personnel Management: The Case of Japanese Regional Banks," Asia Pacific Economic Papers 390, Australia-Japan Research Centre, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    • Handle: RePEc:csg:ajrcau:390
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    File URL: https://crawford.anu.edu.au/pdf/pep/apep-390.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Sichong, 2013. "How do leverage ratios affect bank share performance during financial crises: The Japanese experience of the late 1990s," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 1-18.
    2. Ushijima, Tatsuo & Schaede, Ulrike, 2014. "The market for corporate subsidiaries in Japan: An empirical study of trades among listed firms," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 36-52.
    3. Osada Takeshi & Onji Kazuki & Vera David, 2017. "Banks Restructuring Sonata: How Capital Injection Triggered Labor Force Rejuvenation in Japanese Banks," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 17(2), pages 1-25, April.
    4. George Halkos & Roman Matousek & Nickolaos Tzeremes, 2016. "Pre-evaluating technical efficiency gains from possible mergers and acquisitions: evidence from Japanese regional banks," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 47-77, January.
    5. Montgomery, Heather & Takahashi, Yuki, 2011. "Bank recapitalization in the U.S. - lessons from Japan," MPRA Paper 33147, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. T. To D. & Т. То Д., 2016. "Реструктуризация банковской системы: пример Вьетнама // Restructuring the Banking System: the Case of Vietnam," Review of Business and Economics Studies // Review of Business and Economics Studies, Финансовый Университет // Financial University, vol. 4(4), pages 32-54.
    7. Uesugi, Iichiro & Hiraga, Kazuki & Manabe, Masashi & Yoshino, Naoyuki, 2022. "Measuring concentration in the Japanese loan and deposit markets," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    8. Montgomery, Heather & Takahashi, Yuki, 2014. "The economic consequences of the TARP: The effectiveness of bank recapitalization policies in the U.S," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 49-64.
    9. George E. Halkos & Roman Matousek & Nickolaos G. Tzeremes, 2016. "Pre-evaluating technical efficiency gains from possible mergers and acquisitions: evidence from Japanese regional banks," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 47-77, January.
    10. Etri Ernovianti & Nor Hayati Binti Ahmad & Ahmad Rizal Mazlan, 2016. "Recapitalization Effectiveness and Performance of Banks in Malaysia," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 8(4), pages 6-12.

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