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Marshallian VS. Walrasian Stability in an Experimental Market

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  • Plott, Charles R.
  • George, Glen.

Abstract

Twelve markets were studied. All markets had downward sloping supply functions created by Marshallian-type external economies in which the costs of individual firms increase with their own volume but decrease with the market volume of all other firms. The conditions were such that the model dp/dt = f (excess demand), typically called the Walrasian theory of dynamics, gives predictions about the dynamics of market behavior opposite of the model dq/dt = "phi" (demand price minus supply price), which is typically called the Marshallian theory. The market organizations studied were double auction, sealed bid/offer and (secant) tatonnement. In all cases the Marshallian theory of dynamics was the better model of market behavior. Copyright 1992 by Royal Economic Society.
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  • Plott, Charles R. & George, Glen., "undated". "Marshallian VS. Walrasian Stability in an Experimental Market," Working Papers 683, California Institute of Technology, Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences.
    • Handle: RePEc:clt:sswopa:683
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    File URL: http://www.hss.caltech.edu/SSPapers/sswp683c.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Sean Crockett, 2013. "Price Dynamics In General Equilibrium Experiments," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 421-438, July.
    2. C. Mónica Capra & Tomomi Tanaka & Colin F. Camerer & Lauren Feiler & Veronica Sovero & Charles N. Noussair, 2009. "The Impact of Simple Institutions in Experimental Economies with Poverty Traps," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(539), pages 977-1009, July.
    3. Noussair, C.N. & Plott, C. & Riezman, R., 2007. "Production, trade and exchange rates in large experimental economies," Other publications TiSEM 3bf683fe-0650-4e8a-8682-c, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    4. Vivian Lei & Charles N. Noussair, 2007. "Equilibrium Selection in an Experimental Macroeconomy," Southern Economic Journal, Southern Economic Association, vol. 74(2), pages 448-482, October.
    5. Vivian Lei & Charles N. Noussair, 2007. "Equilibrium Selection in an Experimental Macroeconomy," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 74(2), pages 448-482, October.
    6. Cloé Garnache & Pierre Mérel, 2022. "Environmental Policy in General Equilibrium: New Insights from a Canonical Model," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 9(1), pages 113-140.
    7. Kleineidam, U. & Lambert, A. J. D. & Blansjaar, J. & Kok, J. J. & van Heijningen, R. J. J., 2000. "Optimising product recycling chains by control theory," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(2), pages 185-195, June.
    8. Emiko Fukuda & Shuhei Sato & Junyi Shen & Ken-Ichi Shimomura & Takehiko Yamato, 2020. "Walrasian Dynamics with Endowment Changes: The Gale Example in a Laboratory Market Experiment," Discussion Paper Series DP2020-20, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, revised Apr 2021.
    9. Vivian Lei & Charles N. Noussair, 2007. "Equilibrium Selection in an Experimental Macroeconomy," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 74(2), pages 448-482, October.
    10. Ortmann, Andreas, 2003. "Charles R. Plott's collected papers on the experimental foundations of economic and political science," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 24(4), pages 555-575, August.
    11. Granlund, David & Bergman, Mats A., 2018. "Price competition in pharmaceuticals – Evidence from 1303 Swedish markets," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 1-12.
    12. Sean Crockett & Daniel Friedman & Ryan Oprea, 2021. "Naturally Occurring Preferences And General Equilibrium: A Laboratory Study," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 62(2), pages 831-859, May.
    13. Junyi Shen & Ken-Ichi Shimomura & Takehiko Yamato & Tokinao Ohtaka & Kiyotaka Takahashi, 2015. "Revisiting Marshallian versus Walrasian Stability in an Experimental Market," Discussion Paper Series DP2015-30, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, revised May 2016.
    14. Goeree, Jacob K. & Lindsay, Luke, 2016. "Market design and the stability of general equilibrium," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 37-68.
    15. Anderson, Christopher M. & Plott, Charles R. & Shimomura, K.-I.Ken-Ichi & Granat, Sander, 2004. "Global instability in experimental general equilibrium: the Scarf example," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 115(2), pages 209-249, April.
    16. Benjamin J. Gillen & Masayoshi Hirota & Ming Hsu & Charles R. Plott & Brian W. Rogers, 2021. "Divergence and convergence in Scarf cycle environments: experiments and predictability in the dynamics of general equilibrium systems," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 71(3), pages 1033-1084, April.
    17. Plott, Charles & Roy, Nilanjan & Tong, Baojia, 2013. "Marshall and Walras, disequilibrium trades and the dynamics of equilibration in the continuous double auction market," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 190-205.
    18. Charles R. Plott & Jared Smith, 1999. "Instability of Equilibria in Experimental Markets: Upward‐Sloping Demands, Externalities, and Fad‐Like Incentives," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 65(3), pages 405-426, January.
    19. Paul Brewer & Maria Huang & Brad Nelson & Charles Plott, 2002. "On the Behavioral Foundations of the Law of Supply and Demand: Human Convergence and Robot Randomness," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 5(3), pages 179-208, December.
    20. Joyce, Patrick, 1998. "Demand revelation and tatonnement auctions," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 163-175, August.

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