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Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l’égard des aliments -3e édition

Author

Listed:
  • Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin
  • Ingrid Peignier
  • Thomas Gleize

Abstract

→ Read the article in PERSPECTIVES The Quebec government's Biofood Policy places consumer expectations and health at the heart of its priorities for the coming years. Offering products that meet consumer needs is one of the main orientations defined to achieve the ambitions and targets of this policy. In this context, CIRANO's Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l'égard des aliments (Barometer of Quebec consumers' confidence in food) is an important and highly useful decision-making tool for the various departments of the Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ), as well as for all stakeholders in the bio-food sector. Conducted on a regular basis, the Barometer enables us to identify trends and take into account the changing context in which Quebecers make food choices. As was the case with the first edition in 2019, the 2023 Barometer provides rich, timely and unprecedented information on a range of issues related to consumer confidence in food. It also identifies priority actions for the government, for example, to increase food literacy. This third edition of the Barometer is based on a survey administered from February 5 to 11, 2023 to a representative sample of 1,004 people. The report provides detailed descriptive statistics, as well as the results of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. These analyses are used, for example, to assess whether the results show significant variations according to certain socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, such as gender, age, region of residence or income. Some highlights: The results of the 3rd edition of the Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l'égard des aliments, conducted in 2023, clearly show that inflation is having an impact on purchasing behavior. Eating habits seem to be gradually returning to pre-pandemic levels, but online grocery shopping continues to attract sustained interest, while the popularity of home-cooked meals remains high. In addition, although less pronounced, interest in local products remains strong. In addition, respondents' perception of their food skills and knowledge of food labeling and certification has declined over the editions. The changes in eating habits observed in the Barometer can be explained by the current inflationary context; 80% of the population is concerned about the price of food, making it the number one concern out of the 38 issues studied. To cope with this inflation, Quebecers are implementing various strategies. They're opting to buy products on special, reducing their restaurant visits, preferring discount banners, reducing food waste and favoring the purchase of private labels. The fact that Quebecers attribute rising prices primarily to food companies (mainly processors and retailers) rather than to economic conditions affects their level of confidence in the sector. Whether we're talking about confidence in places of purchase, in the origin of food, in companies in the sector, in regulations or even in labelling, we almost always observe the same pattern testifying to a certain effect of the pandemic: while confidence had greatly increased between 2019 and 2021, it decreased between 2021 and 2023. Despite this, biofood companies still enjoy a relatively high level of confidence among Quebecers, particularly agricultural companies. In addition, Quebecers remain concerned about environmental issues and animal welfare, despite an overall decrease in their level of concern since 2019. At first glance, therefore, Quebecers appear to be adopting a more critical attitude towards the biofood sector compared to the last edition of the Barometer in February 2021. The Barometer's overall indicator of confidence in food is down sharply, from 71% of respondents who had a high level of confidence in food in 2021 to 59% this year. In this context, it becomes essential to strengthen the food literacy of the Quebec population, especially since the Barometer data show that high skills and knowledge about food are directly linked to increased confidence in food. It's important for all players in the bio-food sector to work together and improve communication about their practices. This will help increase Quebecers' confidence in food, and improve the bio-food sector overall, in the interests of consumers and bio-food businesses alike, promoting Quebec's prosperity and sustainability. → Lire l'article dans PERSPECTIVES La Politique bioalimentaire du gouvernement du Québec place les attentes des consommateurs et leur santé au cœur des priorités pour les prochaines années. Offrir des produits répondant aux besoins des consommateurs figure parmi les principales orientations définies pour atteindre les ambitions et les cibles de cette politique. Dans ce contexte, le Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l’égard des aliments du CIRANO est un outil important et très utile à la prise de décisions pour les différentes directions du ministère de l’Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ), mais aussi pour l’ensemble des parties prenantes du secteur bioalimentaire. Réalisé sur une base régulière, le Baromètre permet de bien cerner les tendances et de tenir compte de l’évolution du contexte dans lequel les Québécoises et Québécois font des choix en matière d’alimentation. Comme c’était le cas de la première édition en 2019, le Baromètre de 2023 fournit des informations riches, opportunes et inédites sur un ensemble d’enjeux reliés au niveau de confiance des consommateurs à l’égard des aliments. Il permet aussi d’identifier des actions à privilégier pour le gouvernement afin, par exemple, d’augmenter la littératie alimentaire. Cette troisième édition du Baromètre est fondée sur une enquête administrée du 5 au 11 février 2023 auprès d’un échantillon représentatif de 1004 personnes. Le rapport fournit des statistiques descriptives détaillées ainsi que des résultats d'analyses statistiques univariées et multivariées. Ces analyses servent par exemple à évaluer si les résultats présentent des variations significatives en fonction de certaines caractéristiques sociodémographiques des personnes interrogées, comme le sexe, l'âge, la région de résidence ou encore le revenu. Quelques faits saillants : Les résultats de la 3e édition du Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l’égard des aliments, menée en 2023, montrent clairement que l’inflation a un impact sur les comportements d’achat. Les habitudes alimentaires semblent progressivement revenir à celles d’avant la pandémie, mais l’épicerie en ligne continue de susciter un intérêt soutenu, tandis que la popularité des plats cuisinés à la maison reste élevée. De plus, bien que moins prononcé, l’intérêt pour les produits locaux reste présent. En outre, la perception des répondants vis-à-vis de leurs compétences alimentaires et de leurs connaissances en matière d’étiquetage et de certification alimentaire diminue au fil des éditions. Les changements d’habitudes alimentaires observés dans le Baromètre peuvent être expliqués par le contexte inflationniste actuel ; 80 % de la population est préoccupée par le prix des aliments, ce qui en fait la première préoccupation sur les 38 enjeux à l’étude. Afin de faire face à cette inflation, les Québécois mettent en place différentes stratégies. Ils optent pour l’achat de produits en spécial, réduisent leurs visites au restaurant, privilégient les bannières à escompte, réduisent le gaspillage alimentaire et favorisent l’achat de marques maison. Le fait que les Québécois attribuent principalement la hausse des prix aux entreprises alimentaires (principalement aux transformateurs et aux détaillants) plutôt qu’à la conjoncture économique affecte leur niveau de confiance envers le secteur. Que l’on parle de confiance dans les lieux d’achat, dans l’origine des aliments, dans les entreprises du secteur, dans la réglementation ou encore dans l’étiquetage, on observe presque toujours le même schéma témoignant d’un certain effet de la pandémie : alors que la confiance avait grandement augmenté entre 2019 et 2021, elle a diminué entre 2021 et 2023. Malgré cela, les entreprises bioalimentaires bénéficient toujours d’une confiance relativement élevée de la part des Québécois, et plus particulièrement les entreprises agricoles. En outre, les Québécois demeurent préoccupés par des enjeux environnementaux et le bien-être animal, malgré une diminution globale de leur niveau de préoccupation depuis 2019. À première vue, les Québécois semblent donc adopter une attitude plus critique à l’égard du secteur bioalimentaire par rapport à la dernière édition du Baromètre en février 2021. L’indicateur global du Baromètre, soit la confiance à l’égard des aliments est en très forte baisse passant de 71 % de répondants accordant une grande confiance aux aliments en 2021 à 59 % cette année. Dans ce contexte, il devient essentiel de renforcer la littératie alimentaire de la population québécoise, d’autant plus que les données du Baromètre montrent que des compétences et des connaissances élevées en matière d’alimentation sont directement liées à une confiance accrue envers les aliments. Il est important que tous les acteurs du secteur bioalimentaire travaillent ensemble et améliorent leur communication concernant leurs pratiques. Cette démarche contribuera à accroître la confiance des Québécois envers les aliments et améliorera globalement le secteur bioalimentaire, dans l’intérêt des consommateurs et des entreprises bioalimentaires, favorisant ainsi la prospérité et la durabilité du Québec.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin & Ingrid Peignier & Thomas Gleize, 2023. "Baromètre de la confiance des consommateurs québécois à l’égard des aliments -3e édition," CIRANO Project Reports 2023rp-09, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2023rp-09
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    References listed on IDEAS

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