Author
Listed:
- Juan Esteban Carranza
- Alejandra Ximena González-Ramírez
- Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas
Abstract
Este documento analiza la estructura tributaria de las firmas colombianas, caracterizada por una alta heterogeneidad en las tasas efectivas del impuesto sobre la renta. En particular, identificamos la existencia de un impuesto implícito al tamaño de las firmas, definido como el cambio en la carga tributaria efectiva asociado con cambios en distintas medidas del tamaño de las firmas. En particular, encontramos una variación sistemática en la tasa efectiva de tributación con respecto a medidas del patrimonio de las firmas. Nuestros hallazgos indican que este impuesto implícito es progresivo para firmas de menor tamaño y regresivo para aquellas de mayor tamaño. Tomando como marco las reformas tributarias vigentes durante 2017–2018 y 2022–2023, estimamos el efecto de este impuesto sobre el desempeño empresarial. Encontramos que, además de reducir el tamaño patrimonial de las firmas, este impuesto tiene efectos adversos sobre la inversión real y genera distorsiones en las decisiones de financiamiento. *****ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the tax structure of Colombian firms, which is characterized by a high heterogeneity in effective corporate income tax rates. In particular, we identify the existence of an implicit tax on the size of firms, defined as the change in the effective tax burden associated with different measures of firms’ size. In particular, we find that the effective tax rate of firms varies with the change in firms’ equity. Our findings indicate that this implicit tax is progressive for smaller firms and regressive for larger ones. We estimate the effect of this tax on firm performance using the tax reforms enacted during the period of analysis. We find that, in addition to reducing firms’ equity size, this tax has adverse effects on real investment and generates distortions in financing decisions.
Suggested Citation
Juan Esteban Carranza & Alejandra Ximena González-Ramírez & Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas, 2025.
"Estructura tributaria y desempeño de las firmas colombianas,"
Borradores de Economia
1332, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
Handle:
RePEc:bdr:borrec:1332
DOI: 10.32468/be.1332
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Keywords
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JEL classification:
- D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
- D25 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Intertemporal Firm Choice: Investment, Capacity, and Financing
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