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How consumption carbon emission intensity varies across Spanish households

Author

Listed:
  • Henrique S. Basso

    (Banco de España)

  • Ourania Dimakou

    (URJC)

  • Myroslav Pidkuyko

    (Banco de España)

Abstract

The prominence of emission mitigation policies calls for an understanding of their potential distributional impact. To assess the distributional heterogeneity, we quantify and analyse the consumption emission intensity, defined as carbon emissions per unit of consumption, across households in Spain. With the exception of the poorest households, emission intensity decreases with income and peaks for households whose head is middle-aged (40 years old). Moreover, households whose main earner is less educated and male emit more per unit of expenditure. Thus, emission mitigation policies may disproportionately impact middle-aged households whose income is around €1,000, and whose head is male and less educated.

Suggested Citation

  • Henrique S. Basso & Ourania Dimakou & Myroslav Pidkuyko, 2023. "How consumption carbon emission intensity varies across Spanish households," Occasional Papers 2309, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:opaper:2309
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.53479/29855
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    carbon taxes; carbon caps; emission allowances; household expenditure; CO2 emission intensity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis

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