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The Family Gap In Pay: Evidence From Seven Industrialized Countries

In: Worker Well-Being and Public Policy

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  • Susan Harkness
  • Jane Waldfogel

Abstract

In this paper, we use microdata on employment and earnings from a variety of industrialized countries to investigate the family gap in pay – the differential in hourly wages between women with children and women without children. We present results from seven countries: Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Finland, and Sweden. We find that there is a good deal of variation across our sample countries in the effects of children on women’s employment and in the effects of children on women’s hourly wages even after controlling for differences between women with and without children in characteristics such as age and education. We also find that the variation in the family gap in pay across countries is not primarily due to differential selection into employment or to differences in wage structure across countries. We suggest that future research should examine the impact of family policies such as maternity leave and child care on the family gap in pay.

Suggested Citation

  • Susan Harkness & Jane Waldfogel, 2003. "The Family Gap In Pay: Evidence From Seven Industrialized Countries," Research in Labor Economics, in: Worker Well-Being and Public Policy, pages 369-413, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:rleczz:s0147-9121(03)22012-4
    DOI: 10.1016/S0147-9121(03)22012-4
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ria Ivandic & Anne Sophie Lassen, 2023. "Gender Gaps From Labor Market Shocks," Upjohn Working Papers 23-387, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    2. José M. Casado-Díaz & Raquel Simón-Albert & Hipólito Simón, 2023. "Gender Differences in Commuting: New Evidence from Spain," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 169(3), pages 907-941, October.
    3. Ria Ivandic & Anne Sophie Lassen, 2023. "Gender gaps from labor market shocks," CEP Discussion Papers dp1944, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    4. Ivandić, Ria & Lassen, Anne Sophie, 2023. "Gender gaps from labor market shocks," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119948, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Ziegler Yvonne & Graml Regine & Uli Vincenzo & Khachatryan Kristine, 2023. "Motherhood Gap and Employer Discrimination. A Qualitative Investigation in the German Context," Organizacija, Sciendo, vol. 56(4), pages 281-296, November.
    6. Ivandić, Ria & Lassen, Anne Sophie, 2023. "Gender gaps from labor market shocks," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    7. Marie Connolly & Marie Melanie Fontaine & Catherine Haeck, 2023. "Child Penalties in Canada," Working Papers 23-02, Research Group on Human Capital, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management.
    8. Harkness, Susan & Popova, Daria & Avram, Silvia, 2023. "Gender differences in job mobility and pay progression in the UK," Centre for Microsimulation and Policy Analysis Working Paper Series CEMPA4/23, Centre for Microsimulation and Policy Analysis at the Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    9. Ivandic, Ria & Lassen, Anne Sophie, 2023. "Gender gaps from labor market shocks," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121285, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

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