Water Security in an Integrated Water, Hydrogen, and Carbon Development Strategy

Purpose: The paper examines water security as a strategic component of sustainable development in the context of integrated water, hydrogen, and carbon-based development. It aims to highlight the role of water as a critical resource shaping economic transformation, environmental protection, and social resilience, with particular emphasis on Poland’s conditions and challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on a qualitative and conceptual analysis of academic literature, strategic reports, legal acts, and policy documents related to water security, sustainable development, ESG principles, and resource management. Descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods are applied, supported by secondary data from national and international sources. Findings: The analysis indicates that water security is a multidimensional concept encompassing environmental, economic, social, and institutional dimensions. Effective water security requires integrated governance, long-term strategic planning, technological innovation, and alignment with sustainable development and ESG frameworks. The study highlights key challenges related to water scarcity, infrastructure deficits, climate change, and regulatory barriers, as well as opportunities arising from innovation and cross-sector cooperation. Research limitations/implications: The paper is conceptual in nature and relies on secondary data, which limits empirical generalization. Nevertheless, it provides a comprehensive framework for future empirical research on water security, resource governance, and sustainable transformation. Practical recommendations: Policymakers and stakeholders should prioritize integrated water resource management, investment in modern water infrastructure, innovation in water technologies, and public awareness initiatives. Strengthening institutional coordination and aligning water policies with sustainable development goals are essential to enhancing water security. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the literature by offering an integrative perspective on water security within a broader resource-based development strategy. It emphasizes water as a foundational element of sustainable transformation and highlights its strategic importance for economic resilience, environmental protection, and social well-being.