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Testing the Factors that Determine the Profitability of Banks with a Dynamic Approach: Evidence from Turkey

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  • Doğan, Mesut
  • Yildiz, Feyyaz

Abstract

The present study aims to identify the internal and external factors that affect the profitability of banks operating in Turkey. For this purpose, the study used data from 23 public, private, and foreign banks, covering the period from 2007 to 2020. Two dependent variables were used as the profitability indicators of banks, namely, the Return on Equity (ROE) and the Return on Assets (ROA). In order to increase the reliability of the models developed during the study, Dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and Fixed Effect Model (FEM) were applied. Results of the analysis indicate a positive and statistically significant relation between inflation rate and GDP growth rate, and ROA and ROE. According to the results of GMM, there was a positive relation between ROA and ROE, and 1-year and 2-year lagged ROA and ROE. This situation may be explained by the fact that profits acquired in the Turkish banking sector are steady. ROA and ROE were observed to have a positive relation with inflation rate and economic growth rate. In other words, the increase in inflation rate and GDP growth rate positively affect profitability of public, private, and foreign banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Doğan, Mesut & Yildiz, Feyyaz, 2023. "Testing the Factors that Determine the Profitability of Banks with a Dynamic Approach: Evidence from Turkey," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 12(1), pages 225-248.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:268305
    DOI: 10.2478/jcbtp-2023-0010
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    1. Faisal Abbas & Zahid Irshad Younas, 2021. "How Do Bank Capital and Capital Buffer Affect Risk: Empirical Evidence from Large US Commercial Banks," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 10(2), pages 109-131.
    2. Ahmet Faruk Aysan & Ali Gunes & Osman Furkan Abbasoglu, 2007. "Concentration, Competition, Efficiency and Profitability of the Turkish Banking Sector in the Post-Crises Period," Working Papers 2007/20, Bogazici University, Department of Economics.
    3. Athanasoglou, Panayiotis & Delis, Manthos & Staikouras, Christos, 2006. "Determinants Of Bank Profitability In The South Eastern European Region," MPRA Paper 10274, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
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    1. Taslima Akther & Mushfiqur Rahman & Md. Mufidur Rahman, 2023. "Factors influencing commercial bank profitability in Bangladesh: a panel data approach," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, December.

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