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Synergizing Public Incentives and Private Capital: A Hybrid RAB‐RBF Framework for Low‐Carbon Energy Infrastructure Access in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

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  • Hafiz Ahmed

Abstract

Regulated asset base (RAB) and results‐based financing (RBF) are key emerging infrastructure finance models, offering stable returns (RAB) and outcome‐based incentives (RBF). This perspective proposes a hybrid RAB‐RBF model to bridge the “viability gap” in developing regions and catalyze low‐carbon energy infrastructure access where cost‐reflective tariffs are unaffordable. The integration uses RBF to “write down” the initial capital cost of low‐carbon energy assets. The remaining net asset value is then placed under a light‐handed RAB framework. This combined approach aims to attract private capital (via RAB stability) while ensuring climate‐friendly access (via RBF incentives). We argue this hybrid creates a sustainable pathway for private investment by aligning investor and societal incentives. This article outlines the theoretical basis and provides a mathematical model for tariff setting. It details necessary regulatory innovations and illustrates the financial mechanics through a hypothetical case study. Finally, it emphasizes the critical need for robust regulation and reliable funding to ensure access. 受监管的资产基础(RAB)和基于结果的融资(RBF)是两种新兴的关键基础设施融资模式, 分别提供稳定的收益(RAB)和基于结果的激励(RBF)。本文提出一种混合型RAB‐RBF模式, 旨在弥合发展中地区的“可行性差距”, 并在成本反映型电价难以承受的地区促进低碳能源基础设施的普及。该模式利用RBF来“减记”低碳能源资产的初始资本成本, 剩余的净资产价值则置于宽松的RAB框架下。这种组合方法旨在通过RAB的稳定性吸引私人资本, 同时通过RBF激励确保气候友好型能源获取。我们认为, 这种混合模式通过协调投资者和社会的激励机制, 为私人投资创造了一条可持续的路径。本文概述了该模式的理论基础, 并提供了一个用于电价设定的数学模型。本文详细阐述了必要的监管创新, 并通过一个假设案例研究说明了其金融机制。最后, 本文强调了健全的监管和可靠的资金支持对于确保能源获取至关重要。 La base de activos regulados (BAR) y el financiamiento basado en resultados (FBR) son modelos emergentes clave para la financiación de infraestructuras, que ofrecen rentabilidades estables (BAR) e incentivos basados en resultados (FBR). Esta perspectiva propone un modelo híbrido de BAR y FBR para reducir la brecha de viabilidad en las regiones en desarrollo y catalizar el acceso a infraestructura energética baja en carbono donde las tarifas que reflejan los costos son inasequibles. La integración utiliza el FBR para amortizar el costo de capital inicial de los activos energéticos bajos en carbono. El valor neto restante de los activos se incluye entonces en un marco de BAR flexible. Este enfoque combinado busca atraer capital privado (mediante la estabilidad de la BAR) y, al mismo tiempo, garantizar un acceso respetuoso con el clima (mediante incentivos del FBR). Argumentamos que este modelo híbrido crea una vía sostenible para la inversión privada al alinear los incentivos para inversores y la sociedad. Este artículo describe la base teórica y proporciona un modelo matemático para la fijación de tarifas. Se detallan las innovaciones regulatorias necesarias e ilustra la mecánica financiera mediante un estudio de caso hipotético. Finalmente, se enfatiza la necesidad crucial de una regulación sólida y una financiación fiable para garantizar el acceso.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafiz Ahmed, 2026. "Synergizing Public Incentives and Private Capital: A Hybrid RAB‐RBF Framework for Low‐Carbon Energy Infrastructure Access in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries," Journal of Critical Infrastructure Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(1), January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:crtinf:v:7:y:2026:i:1:n:e70019
    DOI: 10.1002/jci3.70019
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    1. M. Calcaterra & L. Aleluia Reis & P. Fragkos & T. Briera & H. S. Boer & F. Egli & J. Emmerling & G. Iyer & S. Mittal & F. H. J. Polzin & M. W. J. L. Sanders & T. S. Schmidt & A. Serebriakova & B. Stef, 2024. "Reducing the cost of capital to finance the energy transition in developing countries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 9(10), pages 1241-1251, October.
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