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Disaggregating state fragility: a method to establish a multidimensional empirical typology

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  • Jörn Grävingholt
  • Sebastian Ziaja
  • Merle Kreibaum

Abstract

This conceptual and methodological article makes the case for a multidimensional empirical typology of state fragility. It presents a framework that defines fragile statehood as deficiencies in one or more of the core functions of the state: authority, capacity and legitimacy. Unlike available indices of state fragility, it suggests a route towards operationalisation that maintains this multidimensionality. The methodology presented should help in future research to identify clusters of countries that exhibit similar constellations of statehood, whereby ‘constellation’ refers to the specific mix of characteristics across the three dimensions. Such an identification of empirical types would fulfil a demand that exists both in academic research and among policy circles for finding a more realistic model of fragility at an intermediate level between single-case analyses and the far-too-broad category of state fragility.

Suggested Citation

  • Jörn Grävingholt & Sebastian Ziaja & Merle Kreibaum, 2015. "Disaggregating state fragility: a method to establish a multidimensional empirical typology," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(7), pages 1281-1298, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ctwqxx:v:36:y:2015:i:7:p:1281-1298
    DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2015.1038340
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Loewe, Markus & Trautner, Bernhard & Zintl, Tina, 2019. "Der Gesellschaftsvertrag: Ein Analyseinstrument nicht nur für Länder im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika (MENA)," Analysen und Stellungnahmen 13/2019, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    2. Markus Loewe & Tina Zintl, 2021. "State Fragility, Social Contracts and the Role of Social Protection: Perspectives from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Yapatake Kossele Thales Pacific, 2020. "Fragility of State in Central African Republic: An Econometric Approach to Efficiency Understanding," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 21(3), pages 681-697, June.
    4. David Carment & Yiagadeesen Samy, 2017. "Exiting the fragility trap: Rethinking our approach to the world's most fragile states," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2017-181, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    5. Axel Dreher & Valentin F. Lang & Sebastian Ziaja, 2017. "Foreign Aid in Areas of Limited Statehood," CESifo Working Paper Series 6340, CESifo.
    6. Martin-Shields, Charles, 2017. "State fragility as a cause of forced displacement: identifying theoretical channels for empirical research," IDOS Discussion Papers 30/2017, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    7. Joshua K. Ault & Andrew Spicer, 2020. "State fragility as a multi-dimensional construct for international entrepreneurship research and practice," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 981-1011, December.
    8. Loewe, Markus & Zintl, Tina & Houdret, Annabelle, 2021. "The social contract as a tool of analysis: Introduction to the special issue on “Framing the evolution of new social contracts in Middle Eastern and North African countries”," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    9. Wolf, Stefan & Rudner, Nicole, 2021. "A conceptual approach to vocational training in fragile contexts - bridging education and economic development: Inspired by a scoping mission to Somalia," Working Papers 64, Austrian Foundation for Development Research (ÖFSE).
    10. David Carment & Yiagadeesen Samy, 2019. "Aid targeting to fragile and conflict-affected states and implications for aid effectiveness," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-8, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    11. Markus Loewe & Holger Albrecht, 2023. "The social contract in Egypt, Lebanon and Tunisia: What do the people want?," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(5), pages 838-855, July.
    12. Auktor, Georgeta Vidican & Loewe, Markus, 2021. "Subsidy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa: Strategic options and their consequences for the social contract," IDOS Discussion Papers 12/2021, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    13. Georgeta Vidican Auktor & Markus Loewe, 2022. "Subsidy Reform and the Transformation of Social Contracts: The Cases of Egypt, Iran and Morocco," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, February.
    14. Loewe, Markus & Trautner, Bernhard & Zintl, Tina, 2019. "The social contract: An analytical tool for countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and beyond," Briefing Papers 17/2019, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    15. Furness, Mark & Trautner, Bernhard, 2020. "Reconstituting social contracts in conflict-affected MENA countries: Whither Iraq and Libya?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    16. Grävingholt, Jörn & von Haldenwang, Christian, 2016. "The promotion of decentralisation and local governance in fragile contexts," IDOS Discussion Papers 20/2016, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    17. Yiagadeesen Samy & David Carment, 2019. "Aid Targeting to Fragile and Conflict-Affected States and Implications for Aid Effectiveness," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 7(2), pages 93-102.
    18. Camacho, Luis A. & Kreibaum, Merle, 2017. "Cash transfers, food security and resilience in fragile contexts: general evidence and the German experience," IDOS Discussion Papers 9/2017, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    19. Ault, Joshua K. & Spicer, Andrew, 2022. "The formal institutional context of informal entrepreneurship: A cross-national, configurational-based perspective," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(9).
    20. Joshua K. Ault & Andrew Spicer, 2024. "Basic-needs social protections and own-account informal entrepreneurship: implications for policy and cross-national comparative analysis," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(3), pages 295-313, September.
    21. Andrea Vaccaro, 2023. "Measures of state capacity: so similar, yet so different," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 57(3), pages 2281-2302, June.

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