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Mathematical Model and Application of Overtopping Breach of Cascade earth-rock dams Considering Flood peak Enhancement Effect

Author

Listed:
  • Wen Qiu

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

  • Yanlong Li

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

  • Wei Zhao

    (Shaanxi Province Institute of Water Resources and Electric Power Investigation and Design)

  • Qiang Zhang

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

  • Lifeng Wen

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

  • Ye Zhang

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

  • Ting Wang

    (Xi’an University of Technology)

Abstract

The flood caused by the overtopping breach of cascade earth-rock dams significantly exceeds that of a single dam breach. Rapid and precise predictions of dam-break flood in cascade earth-rock dams are essential for risk prevention, control, and early safety warnings in water conservancy projects. Through the analysis of typical dam breach cases and model testing, this study confirmed the flood peak enhancement effect in the breach of cascade earth-rock dams. By focusing on the soil erosion rates, the inflow discharge and velocity were identified as the fundamental causes of this enhancement effect from a physical and mechanical perspective. The lognormal distribution function was employed to equivalently quantify the inflow discharge and velocity processes, with each parameter bearing clear physical significance. Based on this, a mathematical model for overtopping breach in cascade earth-rock dams incorporating the flood peak enhancement effect was proposed. Along with the widely used DBC-IWHR model, this model was applied to the Dawei-Busigou-Shuangjiangkou cascade reservoirs, and the calculation results were subsequently compared and analyzed. The results indicated that the proposed model effectively reflect the flood peak enhancement effect in cascade earth-rock dams breach. Furthermore, the impact of this enhancement effect was determined by the curvature of the river and storage capacity of the downstream reservoirs. The greater storage capacity in the downstream regulation reservoir or increased river curvature, led to higher energy dissipation of the dam-break flood during routing process, thereby significantly reducing the flood peak enhancement effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Qiu & Yanlong Li & Wei Zhao & Qiang Zhang & Lifeng Wen & Ye Zhang & Ting Wang, 2025. "Mathematical Model and Application of Overtopping Breach of Cascade earth-rock dams Considering Flood peak Enhancement Effect," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 39(3), pages 1403-1433, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:39:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s11269-024-04022-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-024-04022-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Benjamin Dewals & Sébastien Erpicum & Sylvain Detrembleur & Pierre Archambeau & Michel Pirotton, 2011. "Failure of dams arranged in series or in complex," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 56(3), pages 917-939, March.
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    4. Wang, Te & Li, Zongkun & Ge, Wei & Zhang, Hua & Zhang, Yadong & Sun, Heqiang & Jiao, Yutie, 2023. "Risk consequence assessment of dam breach in cascade reservoirs considering risk transmission and superposition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    5. Xingbo Zhou & Zuyu Chen & Jianping Zhou & Xinlei Guo & Xiaohu Du & Qiang Zhang, 2020. "A quantitative risk analysis model for cascade reservoirs overtopping: principle and application," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(1), pages 249-277, October.
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