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Finite Element Method and GIS Based Distributed Model for Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in a Watershed

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  • M. Naik
  • E. Rao
  • T. Eldho

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a soil erosion and sediment yield model based on the kinematic wave approximation using the finite element method, remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) for calculating the soil erosion and sediment yield in a watershed. Detachment of soil particles by overland flow occurs when the shear stress at the surface overcomes the gravitational forces and cohesive forces on the particles. Deposition occurs when the sediment load is greater than the transport capacity. Beasley et al.’s (Trans ASAE 23:938–944, 1980 ) transport equations for laminar and turbulent flow conditions are used to calculate the transport capacity. The model is capable of handling distributed information about land use, slope, soil and Manning’s roughness. The model is applied to the Catsop watershed in the Netherlands and the Harsul watershed in India. Remotely sensed data has been used to extract land use/land cover map of the Harsul watershed, and other thematic maps are generated using the GIS. The simulated results for both calibration and validation events are compared with the observed data for the watersheds and found to be reasonable. Statistical evaluation of model performance has been carried out. Further, a sensitivity analysis has also been carried out to study the effect of variation in model parameter values on computed volume of sediment, peak sediment and the time to peak sediment. Sensitivity analysis has also been carried out for grid size variation and time step variation of the Catsop watershed. The proposed model is useful in predicting the hydrographs and sedigraphs in the agricultural watersheds. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

Suggested Citation

  • M. Naik & E. Rao & T. Eldho, 2009. "Finite Element Method and GIS Based Distributed Model for Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in a Watershed," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(3), pages 553-579, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:23:y:2009:i:3:p:553-579
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-008-9288-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rabin Bhattarai & Dushmata Dutta, 2007. "Estimation of Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield Using GIS at Catchment Scale," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(10), pages 1635-1647, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jalal Safari Bazargani & Mostafa Zafari & Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki & Soo-Mi Choi, 2022. "A Survey of GIS and AR Integration: Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Chun-hsu Lin & Te-hsiu Huang & Daigee Shaw, 2010. "Applying Water Quality Modeling to Regulating Land Development in a Watershed," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(4), pages 629-640, March.
    3. Wen-Chieh Chou, 2010. "Modelling Watershed Scale Soil Loss Prediction and Sediment Yield Estimation," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(10), pages 2075-2090, August.
    4. Ismail Chenini & Abdallah Mammou & Moufida El May, 2010. "Groundwater Recharge Zone Mapping Using GIS-Based Multi-criteria Analysis: A Case Study in Central Tunisia (Maknassy Basin)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(5), pages 921-939, March.

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