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Impact of the 11 March 2011, Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami on the chemical industry

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  • Elisabeth Krausmann
  • Ana Cruz

Abstract

The Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami damaged or destroyed many industrial facilities housing or processing hazardous substances, such as refineries, petrochemical facilities and other types of chemical industry. This showed that also generally well prepared countries are at risk of suffering natural hazard triggered technological (Natech) accidents. An analysis of data collected from open sources and through interviews with authorities was performed to understand the main reasons for the industrial damage and downtime as well as the extent of hazardous-materials releases and the associated impact on society. The analysis of the data set confirmed the findings from other studies with respect to main damage and failure modes, as well as hazardous-materials release paths. In addition, gaps in Natech risk management were identified. Based on the data analysis and interviews lessons learned in support of a more far-reaching Natech risk management are presented. Copyright European Union 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Elisabeth Krausmann & Ana Cruz, 2013. "Impact of the 11 March 2011, Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami on the chemical industry," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 67(2), pages 811-828, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:67:y:2013:i:2:p:811-828
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0607-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michael K. Lindell & Ronald W. Perry, 1997. "Hazardous Materials Releases in the Northridge Earthquake: Implications for Seismic Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(2), pages 147-156, April.
    2. Ana Cruz & Norio Okada, 2008. "Consideration of natural hazards in the design and risk management of industrial facilities," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 44(2), pages 213-227, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Onur Onat & Burak Yön & Mehmet Emin Öncü & Sadık Varolgüneş & Abdulhalim Karaşin & Selim Cemalgil, 2022. "Field reconnaissance and structural assessment of the October 30, 2020, Samos, Aegean Sea earthquake: an example of severe damage due to the basin effect," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 112(1), pages 75-117, May.
    2. Saurabh Prabhu & Mohammad Javanbarg & Marc Lehmann & Sez Atamturktur, 2019. "Multi-peril risk assessment for business downtime of industrial facilities," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 97(3), pages 1327-1356, July.
    3. Misuri, Alessio & Landucci, Gabriele & Cozzani, Valerio, 2020. "Assessment of safety barrier performance in Natech scenarios," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    4. Misuri, Alessio & Casson Moreno, Valeria & Quddus, Noor & Cozzani, Valerio, 2019. "Lessons learnt from the impact of hurricane Harvey on the chemical and process industry," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Meri Davlasheridze & Qin Fan, 2019. "Valuing Seawall Protection in the Wake of Hurricane Ike," Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, Springer, vol. 3(3), pages 257-279, October.
    6. Man Li & Tao Ye & Peijun Shi & Jian Fang, 2015. "Impacts of the global economic crisis and Tohoku earthquake on Sino–Japan trade: a comparative perspective," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(1), pages 541-556, January.
    7. Antonioni, Giacomo & Landucci, Gabriele & Necci, Amos & Gheorghiu, Diana & Cozzani, Valerio, 2015. "Quantitative assessment of risk due to NaTech scenarios caused by floods," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 334-345.
    8. Minjun Kim & Gi-Hyoug Cho, 2020. "Influence of Evacuation Policy on Clearance Time under Large-Scale Chemical Accident: An Agent-Based Modeling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-18, December.
    9. Christian F. Durach & Tomas Repasky & Frank Wiengarten, 2023. "Patterns in firms’ inventories and flexibility levels after a low‐probability, high‐impact disruption event: Empirical evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 32(6), pages 1705-1723, June.
    10. Caratozzolo, Vincenzo & Misuri, Alessio & Cozzani, Valerio, 2022. "A generalized equipment vulnerability model for the quantitative risk assessment of horizontal vessels involved in Natech scenarios triggered by floods," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    11. Lan, Meng & Gardoni, Paolo & Weng, Wenguo & Shen, Kaixin & He, Zhichao & Pan, Rongliang, 2024. "Modeling the evolution of industrial accidents triggered by natural disasters using dynamic graphs: A case study of typhoon-induced domino accidents in storage tank areas," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    12. Misuri, Alessio & Landucci, Gabriele & Cozzani, Valerio, 2021. "Assessment of risk modification due to safety barrier performance degradation in Natech events," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    13. Mieko Kumasaki & Malcolm King & Mitsuru Arai & Lili Yang, 2016. "Anatomy of cascading natural disasters in Japan: main modes and linkages," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1425-1441, February.
    14. Mieko Kumasaki & Malcolm King & Mitsuru Arai & Lili Yang, 2016. "Anatomy of cascading natural disasters in Japan: main modes and linkages," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1425-1441, February.
    15. Meri Davlasheridze & Kayode O. Atoba & Samuel Brody & Wesley Highfield & William Merrell & Bruce Ebersole & Adam Purdue & Robert W. Gilmer, 2019. "Economic impacts of storm surge and the cost-benefit analysis of a coastal spine as the surge mitigation strategy in Houston-Galveston area in the USA," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 329-354, March.
    16. Sotirios A. Argyroudis & Stavroula Fotopoulou & Stella Karafagka & Kyriazis Pitilakis & Jacopo Selva & Ernesto Salzano & Anna Basco & Helen Crowley & Daniela Rodrigues & José P. Matos & Anton J. Schle, 2020. "A risk-based multi-level stress test methodology: application to six critical non-nuclear infrastructures in Europe," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 100(2), pages 595-633, January.
    17. Masahiro Matsuura, 2022. "Disasters as Enablers of Negotiation for Sustainability Transition: A Case from Odaka, Fukushima," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, March.
    18. Urbano Fra.Paleo, 2019. "Timescape of disaster risk governance in contemporary Japan: Neither state of normalcy nor constancy in regulation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-16, April.

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