IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/jknowl/v6y2015i3p467-493.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quadruple Helix Structures of Quality of Democracy in Innovation Systems: the USA, OECD Countries, and EU Member Countries in Global Comparison

Author

Listed:
  • David Campbell
  • Elias Carayannis
  • Scheherazade Rehman

Abstract

The analytical research question of this contribution is twofold. (1) To develop (and to proto-type) a conceptual framework of analysis for a global comparison of quality of democracy. This framework also references to the concept of the “Quadruple Helix innovation systems” (Carayannis and Campbell). (2) The same conceptual framework is being used and tested for comparing and measuring empirical quality of democracy in the different OECD and European Union (EU27) member countries. In theoretical and conceptual terms, we refer to a Quadruple-Dimensional structure, also a Quadruple Helix structure (a “Model of Quadruple Helix Structures”) of the four basic (conceptual) dimensions of freedom, equality, control, and sustainable development for explaining and comparing democracy and quality of democracy. Put in summary, we may conclude for the USA that the comparative strength of quality of democracy in the USA focuses on the dimension of freedom. The comparative weakness of the quality of democracy in the USA lies in the dimension of equality, most importantly income equality. Quadruple Helix refers here to at least two crucial perspectives: (1) the unfolding of an innovative knowledge economy also requires (at least in a longer perspective) the unfolding of a knowledge democracy; (2) knowledge and innovation are being defined as key for sustainable development and for the further evolution of quality of democracy. How to innovate (and reinvent) knowledge democracy? There is a potential that democracy discourses and innovation discourses advance in a next-step and two-way mutual cross-reference. The architectures of Quadruple Helix (and Quintuple Helix) innovation systems demand and require the formation of a democracy, implicating that quality of democracy provides for a support and encouragement of innovation and innovation systems, so that quality of democracy and progress of innovation mutually “Cross-Helix” in a connecting and amplifying mode and manner. This relates research on quality of democracy to research on innovation (innovation systems) and the knowledge economy. “Cyber democracy” receives here a new and important meaning. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Suggested Citation

  • David Campbell & Elias Carayannis & Scheherazade Rehman, 2015. "Quadruple Helix Structures of Quality of Democracy in Innovation Systems: the USA, OECD Countries, and EU Member Countries in Global Comparison," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 6(3), pages 467-493, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jknowl:v:6:y:2015:i:3:p:467-493
    DOI: 10.1007/s13132-015-0246-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s13132-015-0246-7
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s13132-015-0246-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elias Carayannis & David Campbell, 2011. "Open Innovation Diplomacy and a 21st Century Fractal Research, Education and Innovation (FREIE) Ecosystem: Building on the Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Innovation Concepts and the “Mode 3” Knowledge ," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 2(3), pages 327-372, September.
    2. Etzkowitz, Henry & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2000. "The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and "Mode 2" to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 109-123, February.
    3. Elias G. Carayannis & David F.J. Campbell, 2010. "Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix and How Do Knowledge, Innovation and the Environment Relate To Each Other? : A Proposed Framework for a Trans-disciplinary Analysis of Sustainable Dev," International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD), IGI Global, vol. 1(1), pages 41-69, January.
    4. Anthony Downs, 1957. "An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 65, pages 135-135.
    5. David F. J. Campbell & Elias G. Carayannis & Thorsten D. Barth & George S. Campbell, 2013. "Measuring Democracy and the Quality of Democracy in a World-Wide Approach: Models and Indices of Democracy and the New Findings of the “Democracy Ranking”," International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD), IGI Global, vol. 4(1), pages 1-16, January.
    6. Bryan Campbell, 2010. "Environment And Sustainable Development," CIRANO Papers 2010n-04speciala, CIRANO.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Graciano Dieck-Assad & Alfonso Ávila-Ortega & Omar Israel González Peña, 2021. "Comparing Competency Assessment in Electronics Engineering Education with and without Industry Training Partner by Challenge-Based Learning Oriented to Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-28, September.
    2. Ida Grundel & Margareta Dahlström, 2016. "A Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Approach to Regional Innovation Systems in the Transformation to a Forestry-Based Bioeconomy," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 7(4), pages 963-983, December.
    3. Zou, Chen & Huang, Yongchun & Hu, Shiliang & Huang, Zhan, 2023. "Government participation in low-carbon technology transfer: An evolutionary game study," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    4. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell & Evangelos Grigoroudis, 2022. "Helix Trilogy: the Triple, Quadruple, and Quintuple Innovation Helices from a Theory, Policy, and Practice Set of Perspectives," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(3), pages 2272-2301, September.
    5. Joanna Morawska-Jancelewicz, 2022. "The Role of Universities in Social Innovation Within Quadruple/Quintuple Helix Model: Practical Implications from Polish Experience," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(3), pages 2230-2271, September.
    6. Susana Suarez-Fernandez de Miranda & Francisco Aguayo-González & María Jesús Ávila-Gutiérrez & Antonio Córdoba-Roldán, 2021. "Neuro-Competence Approach for Sustainable Engineering," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-26, April.
    7. Veronica Scuotto & Manlio Del Giudice & Elias G. Carayannis, 2017. "The effect of social networking sites and absorptive capacity on SMES’ innovation performance," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 409-424, April.
    8. Centobelli, Piera & Cerchione, Roberto & Esposito, Emilio & Shashi,, 2019. "Exploration and exploitation in the development of more entrepreneurial universities: A twisting learning path model of ambidexterity," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 172-194.
    9. Jian Xue & Zeeshan Rasool & Aqsa Gillani & Ahmad Imran Khan, 2020. "The Impact of Project Manager Soft Competences on Project Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
    10. Pedro López-Rubio & Norat Roig-Tierno & Francisco Mas-Verdú, 2022. "Assessing the Origins, Evolution and Prospects of National Innovation Systems," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(1), pages 161-184, March.
    11. Samuel Howard Quartey, 2019. "Geographies of Knowledge and Sustainable Development: Towards a Conceptual Model with Research Propositions," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(2), pages 878-897, June.
    12. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell, 2021. "Democracy of Climate and Climate for Democracy: the Evolution of Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Innovation Systems," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(4), pages 2050-2082, December.
    13. Matthias Keppel, 2023. "Political Control and Parliamentary Committees of Inquiry: Strengthening the Quality of Democracy," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1298-1320, June.
    14. Paola Clerici Maestosi & Maria Beatrice Andreucci & Paolo Civiero, 2021. "Sustainable Urban Areas for 2030 in a Post-COVID-19 Scenario: Focus on Innovative Research and Funding Frameworks to Boost Transition towards 100 Positive Energy Districts and 100 Climate-Neutral Citi," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, January.
    15. Yong Kyu Lew & Jeong‐Yang Park, 2021. "The evolution of N‐helix of the regional innovation system: Implications for sustainability," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 453-464, March.
    16. Taiane Quaresma Leite & André Luis Silva & Joaquim Ramos Silva & Sérgio Evangelista Silva, 2023. "A Multilevel Analysis of the Interaction Between Science Parks and External Agents: a Study in Brazil and Portugal," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1790-1829, June.
    17. Jessica García-Terán & Annika Skoglund, 2019. "A Processual Approach for the Quadruple Helix Model: the Case of a Regional Project in Uppsala," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(3), pages 1272-1296, September.
    18. Jorge Sanabria-Z & Berenice Alfaro-Ponce & Omar Israel González Peña & Hugo Terashima-Marín & José Carlos Ortiz-Bayliss, 2022. "Engagement and Social Impact in Tech-Based Citizen Science Initiatives for Achieving the SDGs: A Systematic Literature Review with a Perspective on Complex Thinking," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, September.
    19. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell & Evangelos Grigoroudis, 2021. "Democracy and the Environment: How Political Freedom Is Linked with Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell & Evangelos Grigoroudis, 2021. "Democracy and the Environment: How Political Freedom Is Linked with Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell, 2021. "Democracy of Climate and Climate for Democracy: the Evolution of Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Innovation Systems," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(4), pages 2050-2082, December.
    3. Björn Sautter, 2021. "Shaping Digital Ecosystems for Sustainable Production: Assessing the Policy Impact of the 2030 Vision for Industrie 4.0," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-16, November.
    4. Peter Björk, 2014. "The DNA of Tourism Service Innovation: A Quadruple Helix Approach," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 5(1), pages 181-202, March.
    5. Marvello Yang & Norizan Jaafar & Abdullah Al Mamun & Anas A. Salameh & Noorshella Che Nawi, 2022. "Modelling the significance of strategic orientation for competitive advantage and economic sustainability: the use of hybrid SEM–neural network analysis," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-28, December.
    6. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell & Evangelos Grigoroudis, 2022. "Helix Trilogy: the Triple, Quadruple, and Quintuple Innovation Helices from a Theory, Policy, and Practice Set of Perspectives," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(3), pages 2272-2301, September.
    7. Elias Carayannis & Ruslan Rakhmatullin, 2014. "The Quadruple/Quintuple Innovation Helixes and Smart Specialisation Strategies for Sustainable and Inclusive Growth in Europe and Beyond," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 5(2), pages 212-239, June.
    8. Elias G. Carayannis & David F. J. Campbell & Scheherazade S. Rehman, 2016. "Mode 3 knowledge production: systems and systems theory, clusters and networks," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 1-24, December.
    9. Elias G. Carayannis & Stelios Rozakis & Evangelos Grigoroudis, 2018. "Agri-science to agri-business: the technology transfer dimension," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 43(4), pages 837-843, August.
    10. Xiaoran Zheng & Yuzhuo Cai, 2022. "Transforming Innovation Systems into Innovation Ecosystems: The Role of Public Policy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-26, June.
    11. Luciano Barcellos-Paula & Iván De la Vega & Anna María Gil-Lafuente, 2021. "The Quintuple Helix of Innovation Model and the SDGs: Latin-American Countries’ Case and Its Forgotten Effects," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-23, February.
    12. Morena Paulišić & Ana Čuić Tanković & Manuela Hrvatin, 2016. "Managing the service concept in creating an innovative tourism product," Tourism and Hospitality Industry 18, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management.
    13. Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park & Balazs Lengyel, 2014. "A routine for measuring synergy in university–industry–government relations: mutual information as a Triple-Helix and Quadruple-Helix indicator," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 27-35, April.
    14. Farshad Momeni & Ali Arab Mazar Yazdi & Seyed Mohammad Sajjad Najafi, 2019. "Changing economic systems and institutional dimensions of the Triple Helix model," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    15. Tomasi Sabrina & Cavicchi Alessio & Aleffi Chiara & Paviotti Gigliola & Ferrara Concetta & Baldoni Federica & Passarini Paolo, 2021. "Civic universities and bottom-up approaches to boost local development of rural areas: the case of the University of Macerata," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 9(1), pages 1-23, December.
    16. Humberto Merritt, 2015. "The Role of Human Capital in University-Business Cooperation: The Case of Mexico," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 6(3), pages 568-588, September.
    17. Noriko Yoda & Kenichi Kuwashima, 2020. "Triple Helix of University–Industry–Government Relations in Japan: Transitions of Collaborations and Interactions," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(3), pages 1120-1144, September.
    18. Elias G. Carayannis & Alexey E. Cherepovitsyn & Alina A. Ilinova, 2017. "Sustainable Development of the Russian Arctic zone energy shelf: the Role of the Quintuple Innovation Helix Model," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(2), pages 456-470, June.
    19. Mary Schoonmaker & Elias Carayannis, 2013. "Mode 3: A Proposed Classification Scheme for the Knowledge Economy and Society," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 4(4), pages 556-577, December.
    20. Malin Lindberg & Monica Lindgren & Johann Packendorff, 2014. "Quadruple Helix as a Way to Bridge the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship: The Case of an Innovation System Project in the Baltic Sea Region," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 5(1), pages 94-113, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:jknowl:v:6:y:2015:i:3:p:467-493. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.