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Investigating domestic gardens landscape plant diversity, implications for valuable plant species conservation

Author

Listed:
  • Salman D. Al-Kofahi

    (Prince El Hassan Bin Talal College for Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University)

  • Amani M. Al-Kafawin

    (Greater Amman Municipality)

  • Mohammad M. Al-Gharaibeh

    (Jordan University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Urbanization has resulted in deterioration of natural lands and extinction of indigenous species. Domestic gardens are neglected spots of plants biodiversity. This research aimed to assess domestic garden plants diversity, composition, distribution, and identify the conserved indigenous plant species in a heavily urbanized arid city. Domestic gardens within each district were randomly selected, visited, and surveyed. Cultivated plant species in gardens were identified and counted; their frequencies and abundance levels were calculated. Plant species richness, Shannon, evenness, and Simpson’s indices were calculated. More than 12,000 plants belonging to 223 plant species compromising 72 plant families were found. Domestic gardens played a significant role in conserving regionally extinct or endangered native plant species while undesirably sustained exotic and invasive plants. Overall, exotic plants species represented 84% of all identified species. The highest percentage of native plants (29%) was found in Uhod district, while the lowest (11%) was in Jubaiha district. The minimum and maximum proportion of medicinal, poisonous, and fruit bearing plants on a district bases were 9–26%, 9–22%, and 11–43% of domestic garden plants, respectively. The highest species richness (103) was in Zahran, while the lowest (20) was in Al-Madinah district. Shannon diversity index was the highest in Zahran and Sweileh districts. Shannon, evenness, and Simpson diversity indexes revealed Badr Al-Jadidah as the lowest plant diversity district. District history, lots sizes, garden sizes, socioeconomic status, residents’ preferences, and housing regulations resulted in variation in plants diversity and species composition. Thus, monitoring species composition in domestic gardens and raising public awareness about plants benefits/risks supports environmental sustainability. Attention should be given to these neglected biodiversity hotspots, especially in arid environments.

Suggested Citation

  • Salman D. Al-Kofahi & Amani M. Al-Kafawin & Mohammad M. Al-Gharaibeh, 2024. "Investigating domestic gardens landscape plant diversity, implications for valuable plant species conservation," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 21259-21279, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:8:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03528-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03528-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Salman D. Al-Kofahi & Monther M. Jamhawi & Zain A. Hajahjah, 2018. "Investigating the current status of geospatial data and urban growth indicators in Jordan and Irbid municipality: implications for urban and environmental planning," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 1067-1083, June.
    2. Gregorius, Hans-Rolf & Gillet, Elizabeth M., 2008. "Generalized Simpson-diversity," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 211(1), pages 90-96.
    3. Joseph Bigirimana & Charles De Cannière & Jan Bogaert & Marie Josée Bigendako & Ingrid Parmentier, 2012. "Domestic garden plant diversity in Bujumbura, Burundi: Role of the socio-economical status of the neighborhood and alien species invasion risk," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/184419, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    4. Tian Gao & Huiyi Liang & Yuxuan Chen & Ling Qiu, 2019. "Comparisons of Landscape Preferences through Three Different Perceptual Approaches," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-13, November.
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