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Delineating saline and fresh water aquifers in Tuticorin of southern India by using geophysical techniques

Author

Listed:
  • Selvam Sekar

    (V.O.Chidambaram College)

  • Jesuraja Kamaraj

    (V.O.Chidambaram College
    Registration No: 18212232061030, Manonmaniam Sundranar University)

  • Venkatramanan Senapathi

    (Alagappa University)

  • Chidambaram Sabarathinam

    (Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research)

  • Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan

    (Curtin University Malaysia)

  • Sivakumar Karthikeyan

    (Alagappa University)

Abstract

Geo-electrical survey was conducted in a highly industrialized area to delineate the freshwater and saline water aquifers. A total of 30 vertical electrical soundings (VES) were made along the coastal aquifers of Tuticorin, which covers both sedimentary formation and crystalline rocks. By using VES data, GIS was used to create spatial maps for resistivity and thickness at various depths. The results show that Q and H were the dominant curve types in the study area. Q type curves indicate saline water by decreasing resistivity values with respect to depths. In H type curves, low resistivity saline water aquifer was sandwiched between high resistivity topsoil and hard rock at the deeper horizon. The geophysical indicators such as Dar-Zarrouk parameters were calculated using the VES results. The Longitudinal unit conductance (S) values ranged between 0.075 and 7500 S. The transverse unit resistance (T) of the study area varied from 16.06 to 5909.25 Ωm2. The anisotropy (λ) values ranged from 1.00 to 55. Interpretation of data reveals that the saline water intrusion and industrial impact on shallow aquifers were observed in the coastal region of the study area. Few pockets of the freshwater aquifer were also noted in deeper horizons. Since the quality of groundwater was deteriorating, proper management plans will be needed to save this fragile coastal aquifer.

Suggested Citation

  • Selvam Sekar & Jesuraja Kamaraj & Venkatramanan Senapathi & Chidambaram Sabarathinam & Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan & Sivakumar Karthikeyan, 2021. "Delineating saline and fresh water aquifers in Tuticorin of southern India by using geophysical techniques," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 17723-17744, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:12:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01409-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01409-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Singh, D.R. & Singh, R.P., 2003. "Groundwater Markets and the Issues of Equty and Reliability to Water Access: A Case of Western Uttar Pradesh," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 58(1), March.
    2. J. O. Oseji & M. B. Asokhia & E. C. Okolie, 2006. "Determination of groundwater potential in obiaruku and environs using surface geoelectric sounding," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 301-308, December.
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