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Polityki rynku pracy i inne determinanty elastyczności zatrudnienia

Author

Listed:
  • Michał Taracha
  • Krzysztof Mirowski

Abstract

Główny cel niniejszej pracy stanowi zbadanie kierunku oddziaływania pasywnej i aktywnej polityki rynku pracy na elastyczność zatrudnienia, wyrażoną za pomocą liczby zmian miejsc pracy w ciągu życia osób w wieku 50 lat i więcej. Celem jest również uzyskanie wniosków na temat wpływu, jaki na elastyczność zatrudnienia wywierają wskaźnik restrykcyjności zatrudnienia (EPL), stopa objęcia pracowników układami zbiorowymi, dochód gospodarstwa domowego i liczba lat otrzymanej edukacji, a także określenie najważniejszych czynników psychologicznych oddziałujących na stabilność zatrudnienia. Analizę przeprowadzono przy wykorzystaniu modeli zmiennej licznikowej (zwłaszcza dzięki modelowi regresji ujemnej dwumianowej z podwyższoną liczbą zer), w oparciu o dane SHARE dla UE, Izraela i Szwajcarii. Odpowiednio negatywny i pozytywny wpływ aktywnej i pasywnej polityki rynku pracy na elastyczność zatrudnienia wskazuje na szczególne znaczenie aktywnej polityki w dążeniu do poprawy funkcjonowania rynku pracy i zwalczaniu bezrobocia przymusowego. Zestawienie wniosków związanych z cechami psychologicznymi wskazało, że niezwykle istotną cechę, warunkującą mobilność zawodową w ciągu życia, stanowi zapał do pracy – śmiałość w podejmowaniu nowych zadań uzupełniona optymizmem towarzyszącym wykonywaniu tych działań, związanym z niższym poziomem lenistwa. Powiązanie zmiennej objaśnianej z dochodem gospodarstwa domowego było negatywne, a wskaźnika EPL i stopy objęcia układami zbiorowymi – pozytywne. Związek liczby lat edukacji z mobilnością zawodową był natomiast rozbieżny, co może świadczyć o zależności elastyczności zatrudnienia od specyfiki specjalizacji zawodowej.

Suggested Citation

  • Michał Taracha & Krzysztof Mirowski, 2022. "Polityki rynku pracy i inne determinanty elastyczności zatrudnienia," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 2, pages 88-104.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2022:i:2:p:88-104
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C10 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - General
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • J51 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy

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