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Neighborhood Collective Efficacy and Dimensions of Diversity: A Multilevel Analysis

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  • Jeremy Mennis
  • Suzanne Lashner Dayanim
  • Heidi Grunwald

    (Temple University School of Law, RWJF-NPO Public Health Law Research, 1719 North Broad Street, Room 407, Philadelphia, PA 19122,USA)

Abstract

Collective efficacy is becoming an increasingly important concept within the social and health sciences as researchers question how the social environment of a neighborhood influences a host of individual psychological, behavioral, and health outcomes. We investigate whether ethnic as well as other dimensions of neighborhood-level diversity are associated with collective efficacy. Survey data are used to capture perceptions of neighborhood cooperation and social cohesion for 26 344 survey respondents in southeast Pennsylvania; US Census data are used to capture neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and residential mobility, as well as diversity along a range of dimensions, including ethnicity, birthplace, household type, occupation, income, and educational attainment. Multilevel modeling is employed to test the association of various dimensions of neighborhood diversity with individual-level perceptions of neighborhood cooperation and social cohesion, while controlling for individual and other neighborhood-level variables. Results suggest that low collective efficacy is associated with diversity in cultural characteristics such as ethnicity, birthplace, and household type. We ascribe these findings to patterns of neighborhood transition, or churning, where high rates of neighborhood in-migration and out-migration act to weaken collective efficacy. Diversity, both in educational attainment and in income, however, are associated with high neighborhood collective efficacy, and are not related to neighborhood churning.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeremy Mennis & Suzanne Lashner Dayanim & Heidi Grunwald, 2013. "Neighborhood Collective Efficacy and Dimensions of Diversity: A Multilevel Analysis," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(9), pages 2176-2193, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:45:y:2013:i:9:p:2176-2193
    DOI: 10.1068/a45428
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Ge Zhang & Wenwen Zhang & Subhrajit Guhathakurta & Nisha Botchwey, 2019. "Development of a flow-based planning support system based on open data for the City of Atlanta," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 46(2), pages 207-224, February.
    3. Zheng Wang & Fangzhu Zhang & Fulong Wu, 2017. "Neighbourhood cohesion under the influx of migrants in Shanghai," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 49(2), pages 407-425, February.
    4. Özcan Erdem & Frank J Van Lenthe & Rick G Prins & Toon A J J Voorham & Alex Burdorf, 2016. "Socioeconomic Inequalities in Psychological Distress among Urban Adults: The Moderating Role of Neighborhood Social Cohesion," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, June.
    5. Sungchul Cho & Up Lim, 2019. "Residential mobility and social trust in urban neighborhoods in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 63(1), pages 117-145, August.
    6. Jeremy Mennis & Gerald J. Stahler & Michael J. Mason, 2016. "Risky Substance Use Environments and Addiction: A New Frontier for Environmental Justice Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, June.

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