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Profils institutionnels

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  • Pierre Berthelier
  • Alain Desdoigts
  • Jacques Ould Aoudia

Abstract

[eng] Institutional Profiles, a New Database of the Institutionnal Characteristics of Developing, in Transition and Developed Countries The disparity between the development paths followed by the economies of a limited number of countries, known as "emerging", and the bulk of the other developing countries has shown the limitations of previous development strategies. As a consequence, at the beginning of the 1 990s, the question of institutions has been propelled to the top of the economic agenda. The empirical literature has now solidly documented and validated the general relationship between institutions and development. With this a starting point, attention is now being concentrated on the actual nature of the institutional mechanisms at work, the inter-relationships between them and their combined impact on development. Whereas previous analysis of development had mainly drawn on the instruments derived from national accounts, there are not as yet internationally standardised observation ins- truments for tackling the questions now being raised. A few institutional indicators were created since the end of the 1990s but these cover only a limited part of the institutional domain. This document attempts to fill the gap, putting forward an original database covering a broad and detailed field of institutional characteristics for 5 1 countries (developing, in transition and developed countries). The basic data were collected using a questionnaire completed in 2001 by the economic missions of the French Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industry in the selected countries, enabling us to cover 80 % of the world's GDP and population. In this document, we set out the method used for the construction of our indicators. We then compare them with other existing indicators, noting the existence of convergence for elements that are common to the respective inquiries. On the basis of our indicators we confirm the relationship between institutions and levels of development. We then go on to explore the database using a non-inferential (data analysis) approach. We identify an 'institutional core" consisting of four major institutional characteristics (governance, security of transactions, innovation and regulations), leading us to draw up an initial typology of institutional profiles : "authoritarian- paternalistic", "mild liberal", "pure liberal" and "informal". This typology is then supplemented by a combination of both institutional and economic variables, highlighting the main thrusts providing the framework for the database : welfare and reform. The classification obtained aggregates countries by relevant sub-groups. [fre] Pierre Berthelier, Alain Desdoigts, Jacques Ould Aoudia Profils institutionnels, une base de données sur les caractéristiques de pays en développement, en transition et développés. La disparité des trajectoires économiques entre un nombre limité de pays, les « émergents », et la plupart des autres pays du sud, a marqué la limite des stratégies de développement antérieures et projeté, au début des années 1990, la question des institutions au cœur des préoccupations économiques. La littérature empirique a maintenant solidement documenté et validé la relation globale entre institutions et développement. L'attention est désormais concentrée sur la nature même des mécanismes institutionnels à l'œuvre, leurs interrelations, leurs effets conjoints sur le développement. . . Alors que l'analyse du développement avait jusqu'alors principalement emprunté aux outils de la compatibilité nationale, il n'existe pas encore d'instruments d'observation internationalement standardisés pour aborder ces nouveaux questionnements. Quelques indicateurs institutionnels ont été créés depuis la fin des années 1990. Ils ne couvrent qu'une partie limitée du champ institutionnel. Ce document s'efforce de répondre à ce manque. Il présente une base de données originale qui couvre un champ vaste et détaillé de caractéristiques institutionnelles sur 5 1 pays. Les données élémentaires ont été recueillies à partir d'un questionnaire documenté en 2001 par les Missions économiques du ministère de l'Economie des finances et de l'industrie (France), nous permettant de couvrir 80 % du PIB et de la population de la planète. Nous délivrons la méthode adoptée pour construire nos indicateurs. Nous les confrontons aux autres indicateurs existants, et constatons une convergence. Nous confirmons le lien de causalité entre institutions et niveau de développement. Nous explorons ensuite la base de données à partir d'une approche non inférentielle (analyse de données) : nous révélons un noyau institutionnel formé de quatre caractéristiques institutionnelles majeures (gouvernance, sécurité des transactions, innovation et régulations), et débouchons sur une première typologie de profils institutionnels. La combinaison des variables institutionnelles et des variables structurelles enrichit cette typologie et fait apparaître les grands axes qui structurent la base : l'axe du bien-être et celui des réformes. La classification obtenue regroupe les pays en sous-ensembles pertinents.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Berthelier & Alain Desdoigts & Jacques Ould Aoudia, 2004. "Profils institutionnels," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 19(1), pages 121-196.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_2004_num_19_1_1543
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2004.1543
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.2004.1543
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    1. Pierre Berthelier & Alain Desdoigts & Jacques Ould Aoudia, 2003. "«Institutional profiles»: presentation and analysis of an original database of the institutional characteristics of developing, in transition and developed countries," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques v04007, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    2. Paul, Bénédique, 2009. "Institutional capital: A new analytical framework on theory and actions for economic development," MPRA Paper 39018, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Marouane ALAYA (GREThA-GRES) & Dalila NICET-CHENAF (GREThA-GRES) & Eric ROUGIER (GREThA-GRES), 2007. "FDI Promotion policies and dynamic of growth in the South East Mediterranean countries (In French)," Cahiers du GRES (2002-2009) 2007-13, Groupement de Recherches Economiques et Sociales.
    4. David Hoyrup, 2005. "Retour sur la croissance rapide des pays d'Asie du Sud-Est dans les années 80-90 : une analyse statistique des similitudes et des différences entre l'Indonésie, la Malaisie, les Philippines et la Thaï," Post-Print halshs-00097796, HAL.
    5. Marion Payen & Patrick Rondé, 2020. "Culture, Institutions and Economic Growth," Working Papers of BETA 2020-18, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    6. Saoussen Ben Gamra & Dominique Plihon, 2007. "Qualité Des Institutions, Libéralisation Et Crises Bancaires Le Cas Des Pays Émergents," CEPN Working Papers hal-00574136, HAL.
    7. Paul, Bénédique, 2012. "Technology and institutions: Theoretical aspects of institutional innovation and its deficiency in Haiti," MPRA Paper 39140, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Paul, Bénédique, 2009. "Reclaiming Institutions as a Form of Capital," MPRA Paper 39017, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Saoussen Ben Gamra & Dominique Plihon, 2007. "Qualité Des Institutions, Libéralisation Et Crises Bancaires Le Cas Des Pays Émergents," Working Papers hal-00574136, HAL.
    10. Marcus André Melo & Armando Barrientos & André Canuto Coelho, 2014. "Taxation, redistribution and the social contract in Brazil," Global Development Institute Working Paper Series iriba_wp11, GDI, The University of Manchester.
    11. Pierre Berthelier & Anna Lipchitz, 2005. "Quel rôle joue l'agriculture dans la croissance et le développement ?," Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(183), pages 603-624.
    12. Robert Boyer & Julio Neffa César, 2007. "La crise argentine 1976-2001 : lectures institutionnalistes et régulationnistes," Working Papers halshs-00587696, HAL.
    13. Abdelkarim Yahyaoui & Atef Rahmani, 2009. "Financial Development and Economic Growth: Role of Institutional Quality," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 56(3), pages 327-357, September.
    14. Wafa Ben Ahmed Naouar, 2016. "Contribution of the Management System and the Institutional Framework to the Efficiency of Values-Based Management," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 135(4), pages 787-796, June.
    15. Robert Boyer & Julio Neffa César, 2007. "La crise argentine 1976-2001 : lectures institutionnalistes et régulationnistes," PSE Working Papers halshs-00587696, HAL.

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