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La mesure du marché pertinent

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  • Jérôme Philippe

Abstract

[fre] La mesure du marché pertinent La délimitation du marché pertinent est l'une des étapes principales des procédures de concurrence, en par- ticulier lors de l'analyse des concentrations ou des abus de position dominante. C'est aussi l'une des étapes où les méthodes quantitatives et économétriques peuvent apporter une plus-value très forte aux analyses traditionnelles, fondées davantage sur des critères qualitatifs. En l'occurrence, l'estimation de fonctions de demande permet de calculer les élasticités directes et croisées, qui servent de base aux procédures de délimitation des marchés, notamment par la méthode du « monopoleur hypothétique ». Cependant, malgré les indications fournies par les calculs économétriques, des difficultés subsistent dans la délimitation précise de la frontière du marché pertinent. Or ce dernier sert le plus souvent à calculer des parts de marché, à leur tour utilisées comme l'un des indices, parmi d'autres, de pouvoir de marché. Dans ces conditions, il peut devenir intéressant d'essayer d'estimer directement le pouvoir de marché, sans passer par sa délimitation précise. De nouvelles procédures, fondées sur des modèles de choix discrets, permettent de « prédire » l'évolution des prix en cas de concentration. [eng] The delineation of relevant markets is one of the main stages of competition analyses, especially for mergers and abuses of dominant positions. It is also a stage where quantitative and econometric methods can induce a great progress compared to traditional analyses, mostly based on qualitative criteria. Quantitative methods permit to estimate demand functions and to calculate direct and cross elasticities, which will be used in delineation procedures such as the « hypothetic monopolist ». However, there remains difficulties in drawing the true border line of relevant markets, even though econometric analysis enhance the quality of the result. Remembering that the relevant market is mostly used to calculate market shares in order to get a clue in the assessment of a dominant position, it may be worth trying to assess directly the level of market power, without defining the market so accurately. New procedures, based on discrete choice models, can help to « predict » the price evolution caused by a merger.

Suggested Citation

  • Jérôme Philippe, 1998. "La mesure du marché pertinent," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 13(4), pages 125-159.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1998_num_13_4_1070
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1998.1070
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1998.1070
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gasmi, F & Laffont, J J & Vuong, Q, 1992. "Econometric Analysis of Collusive Behavior in a Soft-Drink Market," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 1(2), pages 277-311, Summer.
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