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Analyzing sales of the Korean restaurant franchise during the COVID-19 pandemic with the mixed-effects model approach

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  • Changro Lee
  • Youngmo Koo

Abstract

Using point-of-sales (POS) data, the sales trends of 48 member stores of a Korean restaurant franchise during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. As daily sales are nested in each member store of a franchise, the hierarchical structure of POS data was fully and effectively utilized by employing a mixed-effects model. The results showed that although sales volumes in all member stores were negatively affected by the pandemic, the level of impact varied according to store location: sales at some stores were drastically reduced, while a few others even achieved a slight increase in sales during the pandemic. These findings suggest that the government support policy for small business owners should be designed in a locally optimized way, to take account of neighborhood characteristics and the degree of sales loss for individual business owners.

Suggested Citation

  • Changro Lee & Youngmo Koo, 2023. "Analyzing sales of the Korean restaurant franchise during the COVID-19 pandemic with the mixed-effects model approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(10), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0293147
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293147
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bao, Zhengyang & Huang, Difang, 2021. "Shadow Banking in a Crisis: Evidence from Fintech During COVID-19," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 56(7), pages 2320-2355, November.
    2. Giada Adelfio & Giovanni Boscaino, 2016. "Degree course change and student performance: a mixed-effect model approach," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(1), pages 3-15, January.
    3. Nan Li & Muzi Chen & Difang Huang, 2022. "How Do Logistics Disruptions Affect Rural Households? Evidence from COVID-19 in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
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