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Sociodemographic relationships of motivations, satisfaction, and loyalty in religious tourism: A study of the pilgrimage to the city Mecca

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  • Tahani Hassan
  • Mauricio Carvache-Franco
  • Orly Carvache-Franco
  • Wilmer Carvache-Franco

Abstract

Religious tourism is a growing sector of the tourism market because of the many social and cultural changes in the 21st century. Pilgrimage centers worldwide are considered important at the levels of religion, heritage, and culture of tourism. Despite the popularity of journeys to pilgrimage centers and their global importance, there is still a lack of knowledge about the dimensionality and impact of socio-demographic factors on visiting these centers. This study aims to (i) establish the motivational dimensions of the pilgrimage to Mecca (ii) identify the relationship between socio-demographic aspects of pilgrims and the motivation (iii) determine the relationship between socio-demographic aspects of pilgrims, satisfaction, and loyalty. The research was carried out on pilgrims who had visited Mecca. The sample consisted of 384 online surveys. Factor analysis and multiple regression method were applied to a analyze data. The results show three motivational dimensions: religious, social, and cultural, and shopping. Additionally, there is evidence of a relationship between age, marital status and average daily expenditure per person with some motivational variables. Similarly, a relationship was found between average daily expenditure per person and other variables such as satisfaction and loyalty. This study helps tourism companies pay attention to pilgrims’ the socio-demographic characteristics of and match them with their motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty during the planning process.

Suggested Citation

  • Tahani Hassan & Mauricio Carvache-Franco & Orly Carvache-Franco & Wilmer Carvache-Franco, 2023. "Sociodemographic relationships of motivations, satisfaction, and loyalty in religious tourism: A study of the pilgrimage to the city Mecca," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(3), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0283720
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283720
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hany Kim & Semih Yilmaz & Soyoun Ahn, 2019. "Motivational Landscape and Evolving Identity of a Route-Based Religious Tourism Space: A Case of Camino de Santiago," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Chen, Ching-Fu & Chen, Fu-Shian, 2010. "Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 29-35.
    3. Mohamed Battour & Mohd Nazari Ismail & Moustafa Battor & Muhammad Awais, 2017. "Islamic tourism: an empirical examination of travel motivation and satisfaction in Malaysia," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 50-67, January.
    4. Tahani Hassan & Mauricio Carvache-Franco & Wilmer Carvache-Franco & Orly Carvache-Franco, 2022. "Segmentation of Religious Tourism by Motivations: A Study of the Pilgrimage to the City of Mecca," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
    5. Amaro, Suzanne & Antunes, Angela & Henriques, Carla, 2018. "A closer look at Santiago de Compostela's pilgrims through the lens of motivations," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 271-280.
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