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Saturation flow rate analysis for special width approach lanes: An empirical study in Karlsruhe, Germany

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  • Jingqi Xu
  • Kevin K Kigen
  • Dalin Xu
  • Shilin Wang
  • Min Gu
  • Xinyu Liu
  • Jing Zhao

Abstract

The special width approach lane (SWAL) is a newly proposed unconventional design, whereby a wide approach lane is divided into two narrower lanes. The design entails the use of a single lane by two passenger cars or one heavy vehicle. Such design has been applicated at signalized intersections of Karlsruhe, Germany. This paper focuses on the saturation flow rate analysis since most existing studies on such design rely on the default highway capacity manual (HCM) values. Saturation flow rate data was collected at four SWAL design based signalized intersections with procedural steps of the HCM 2010 using the video camera. The two-sample t-test was performed to explore the potential influencing factors, and then the non-linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the saturation flow rate of SWAL. The proposed model can effectively depict the saturation flow rate with lane marking, presence of cyclists, and rainfall being the influencing factors. The overall accuracy of the proposed model is about 95%. The results indicate that the three influencing factors are independent of each other. The existence of cyclists and rainfall lead to a decrease in the saturation flow rate, while the lane markings can improve the saturation flow rate. Moreover, the SWAL works well in Karlsruhe, Germany. The model predicts a base saturation flow rate value of 1652 pcu/h/ln, which is plausible with comparison of the base saturation flow rate recommended in the German Highway Capacity Manual.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingqi Xu & Kevin K Kigen & Dalin Xu & Shilin Wang & Min Gu & Xinyu Liu & Jing Zhao, 2022. "Saturation flow rate analysis for special width approach lanes: An empirical study in Karlsruhe, Germany," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0272503
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272503
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jing Zhao & Peng Li & Xizhao Zhou, 2016. "Capacity Estimation Model for Signalized Intersections under the Impact of Access Point," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Mondal, Satyajit & Gupta, Ankit, 2021. "Speed distribution for interrupted flow facility under mixed traffic," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 570(C).
    3. Zhao, Jing & Knoop, Victor L. & Wang, Meng, 2020. "Two-dimensional vehicular movement modelling at intersections based on optimal control," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 1-22.
    4. Xing Gao & Jing Zhao & Meng Wang, 2020. "Modelling the saturation flow rate for continuous flow intersections based on field collected data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, August.
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