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A Widening Gap? Changes in Multiple Lifestyle Risk Behaviours by Socioeconomic Status in New South Wales, Australia, 2002–2012

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  • Ding Ding
  • Anna Do
  • Heather-Marie Schmidt
  • Adrian E Bauman

Abstract

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes have increased over the past few decades in some countries. However, the trends in inequalities related to multiple health risk behaviours have been infrequently reported. In this study, we examined the trends in individual health risk behaviours and a summary lifestyle risk index in New South Wales, Australia, and whether the absolute and relative inequalities in risk behaviours by socioeconomic positions have changed over time. Methods: Using data from the annual New South Wales Adult Population Health Survey during the period of 2002–2012, we examined four individual risk behaviours (smoking, higher than recommended alcohol consumption, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, and insufficient physical activity) and a combined lifestyle risk indicator. Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed based on educational attainment and postal area-level index of relative socio-economic disadvantage (IRSD), and were presented as prevalence difference for absolute inequalities and prevalence ratio for relative inequalities. Trend tests and survey logistic regression models examined whether the degree of absolute and relative inequalities between the most and least disadvantaged subgroups have changed over time. Results: The prevalence of all individual risk behaviours and the summary lifestyle risk indicator declined from 2002 to 2012. Particularly, the prevalence of physical inactivity and smoking decreased from 52.6% and 22% in 2002 to 43.8% and 17.1% in 2012 (p for trend

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  • Ding Ding & Anna Do & Heather-Marie Schmidt & Adrian E Bauman, 2015. "A Widening Gap? Changes in Multiple Lifestyle Risk Behaviours by Socioeconomic Status in New South Wales, Australia, 2002–2012," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0135338
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135338
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mackenbach, Johan P. & Kunst, Anton E., 1997. "Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: An overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 44(6), pages 757-771, March.
    2. Simon Capewell & Hilary Graham, 2010. "Will Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Widen Health Inequalities?," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-5, August.
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    2. Faraz Vahid Shahidi & Carles Muntaner & Ketan Shankardass & Carlos Quiñonez & Arjumand Siddiqi, 2018. "Widening health inequalities between the employed and the unemployed: A decomposition of trends in Canada (2000-2014)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Marta Donat & Gregorio Barrio & Juan-Miguel Guerras & Lidia Herrero & José Pulido & María-José Belza & Enrique Regidor, 2022. "Educational Gradients in Drinking Amount and Heavy Episodic Drinking among Working-Age Men and Women in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-18, April.
    4. Stina Oftedal & Corneel Vandelanotte & Mitch J. Duncan, 2019. "Patterns of Diet, Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep Are Associated with Socio-Demographic, Behavioural, and Health-Risk Indicators in Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Fabrizio Ferretti, 2015. "Unhealthy Behaviours: An International Comparison," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, October.
    6. Marjolein Duijvestijn & Saskia W. van den Berg & G. C. Wanda Wendel-Vos, 2020. "Adhering to the 2017 Dutch Physical Activity Guidelines: A Trend over Time 2001–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, January.

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