IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pgph00/0001752.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Spatial and multilevel analysis of sanitation service access and related factors among households in Ethiopia: Using 2019 Ethiopian national dataset

Author

Listed:
  • Addisalem Workie Demsash
  • Masresha Derese Tegegne
  • Sisay Maru Wubante
  • Agmasie Damtew Walle
  • Dereje Oljira Donacho
  • Andualem Fentahun Senishaw
  • Milkias Dugassa Emanu
  • Mequannent Sharew Melaku

Abstract

Background: Billions of people have faced the problem of accessing appropriate sanitation services. This study aimed to explore the spatial distribution of households’ access to sanitation services and identify associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods: The 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey data was used with a total of 6261 weighted samples. A cross-sectional study design with a two-stage cluster sampling technique was used. Global Moran’s I statistic measure, Getis-Ord Gi*, and the ordinary Kriging Gaussian interpolation were used for spatial autocorrelation, hot spot analysis, and interpolation of unsampled areas, respectively. A purely spatial Bernoulli-based model was employed to determine the geographical locations of the most likely clusters. A multilevel logistic regression model was used, and predictors with a P value of less than 0.05 with a 95% CI were considered significant factors. Results: Overall, 19.7% of households had access to improved sanitation services in Ethiopia. Poor sanitation service access was significantly clustered, with hotspots of poor access identified in the South Nations Nationality and People’s Region (SNNPR), Oromia, Amhara, and Benishangul Gumuz regions. A total of 275 significant clusters were identified. Households in the circled area were more vulnerable to poor sanitation service access. Rural households, on-premises water access, media exposure, and rich wealth status were statistically significant factors for access to sanitation services. Conclusions: Access to sanitation services among households in Ethiopia is insufficient. The majority of the households had no access to sanitation services. Stakeholders are recommended to raise household members’ awareness of sanitation services, give priority to the hotspot areas, and encourage poor households to have access to toilet facilities. Household members recommended using the available sanitation service and keeping the sanitation service clean. Households are recommended to construct clean shared sanitation facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Addisalem Workie Demsash & Masresha Derese Tegegne & Sisay Maru Wubante & Agmasie Damtew Walle & Dereje Oljira Donacho & Andualem Fentahun Senishaw & Milkias Dugassa Emanu & Mequannent Sharew Melaku, 2023. "Spatial and multilevel analysis of sanitation service access and related factors among households in Ethiopia: Using 2019 Ethiopian national dataset," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(4), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pgph00:0001752
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001752
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0001752
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0001752&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001752?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ellis Adams & Godfred Boateng & Jonathan Amoyaw, 2016. "Socioeconomic and Demographic Predictors of Potable Water and Sanitation Access in Ghana," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 126(2), pages 673-687, March.
    2. Anselin, Luc & Getis, Arthur, 1992. "Spatial Statistical Analysis and Geographic Information Systems," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 26(1), pages 19-33, April.
    3. Mustapha Immurana & Kwame Godsway Kisseih & Hadrat Mohammed Yusif & Ziblilla Mbanba Yakubu, 2022. "The effect of financial inclusion on open defecation and sharing of toilet facilities among households in Ghana," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-19, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xinyue Ye & Sergio Rey, 2013. "A framework for exploratory space-time analysis of economic data," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 50(1), pages 315-339, February.
    2. Johanna Weststrate & Geske Dijkstra & Jasper Eshuis & Alberto Gianoli & Maria Rusca, 2019. "The Sustainable Development Goal on Water and Sanitation: Learning from the Millennium Development Goals," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 143(2), pages 795-810, June.
    3. Roger Bivand, 2008. "Implementing Representations Of Space In Economic Geography," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1), pages 1-27, February.
    4. Ye, Xinyue & Yue, Wenze, 2014. "Comparative analysis of regional development: Exploratory space-time data analysis and open source implementation," Economics Discussion Papers 2014-20, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    5. Jiaqi Li & Yi Tian, 2024. "Assessment of Ecological Quality and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Coal-Bearing Hilly Areas of Northern China: An Exploration of Human Mining and Natural Topography," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, July.
    6. Behera, Bhagirath & Rahut, Dil Bahadur & Sethi, Narayan, 2020. "Analysis of household access to drinking water, sanitation, and waste disposal services in urban areas of Nepal," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    7. Hyunwoo Lim & Minyoung Park, 2019. "Modeling the Spatial Dimensions of Warehouse Rent Determinants: A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan Area, South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, December.
    8. Marieke J. Oskam & Milena Pavlova & Charles Hongoro & Wim Groot, 2021. "Socio-Economic Inequalities in Access to Drinking Water among Inhabitants of Informal Settlements in South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Sri Irianti & Puguh Prasetyoputra, 2021. "Rural–Urban Disparities in Access to Improved Sanitation in Indonesia: A Decomposition Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    10. Burhan Can Karahasan & Firat Bilgel, 2017. "Access to Healthcare, Utilization and Health Outcomes in Turkey," Working Papers 1089, Economic Research Forum, revised 04 2017.
    11. Zhi Zhang & Zhiwei Wan & Shan Xu & Hong Wu & Lingyue Liu & Zhao Chen & Ji Zeng, 2023. "Environmental Adaptation in the Process of Human-Land Relationship in Southeast China’s Ethnic Minority Areas and Its Significance on Sustainable Development," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, February.
    12. E Talen & L Anselin, 1998. "Assessing Spatial Equity: An Evaluation of Measures of Accessibility to Public Playgrounds," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 30(4), pages 595-613, April.
    13. Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu & Glory Atilola & Paul Komba & Lubanzadio Mavatikua & Zhuzhi Moore & Dennis Matanda & Otibho Obianwu & Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala, 2021. "Evaluating changes in the prevalence of female genital mutilation/cutting among 0-14 years old girls in Nigeria using data from multiple surveys: A novel Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-31, February.
    14. Heba, Ines & Malin, Eric & Thomas-Agnan, Christine, 2002. "Exploratory spatial data analysis with GEOXP," ERSA conference papers ersa02p498, European Regional Science Association.
    15. Ward, Frank A., 2023. "Innovations for the Water Resource Economics Curriculum: Training the Next Generation," Applied Economics Teaching Resources (AETR), Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 5(3), September.
    16. Richard Casey Sadler & Kristian Larsen, 2022. "Mapping the Way to Good Health: The Interdisciplinary Challenges of Geographers in Medical Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.
    17. Jianglong Chen & Jinlong Gao & Feng Yuan & Yehua Dennis Wei, 2016. "Spatial Determinants of Urban Land Expansion in Globalizing Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-25, August.
    18. Douven, W., 1992. "Urban and regional planning models and GIS," Serie Research Memoranda 0074, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics.
    19. Sosson Tadadjeu & Brice Kamguia & Ronald Djeunankan, 2023. "Access to drinking water and sanitation in developing countries: Does financial development matter?," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(4), pages 457-481, July.
    20. Fischer, Manfred M. & Openshaw, Stan, 1995. "A Framework for Research on Spatial Analysis Relevant to Geo-Statistical Informations Systems in Europe," MPRA Paper 77814, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pgph00:0001752. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: globalpubhealth (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.