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The Agglomeration of Bankruptcy

Author

Listed:
  • Efraim Benmelech
  • Nittai Bergman
  • Anna Milanez
  • Vladimir Mukharlyamov

Abstract

This paper identifies a new channel through which bankrupt firms undergoing liquidation impose negative externalities on their nonbankrupt peers. The liquidation of a retail chain weakens the economies of agglomeration in any given local area, reducing the attractiveness of retail centers for remaining stores and leading to contagion of financial distress. We find that firms with greater geographic exposure to bankrupt retailers are more likely to close stores in affected areas. We further show that the effect of these externalities on nonbankrupt peers is higher when affected stores are smaller and are operated by firms in financial distress.Received December 16, 2015; editorial decision June 28, 2018 by Editor Philip Strahan.

Suggested Citation

  • Efraim Benmelech & Nittai Bergman & Anna Milanez & Vladimir Mukharlyamov, 2019. "The Agglomeration of Bankruptcy," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(7), pages 2541-2586.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:32:y:2019:i:7:p:2541-2586.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhy114
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Everett Grant & Julieta Yung, 2017. "The Double-Edged Sword of Global Integration: Robustness, Fragility & Contagion in the International Firm Network," Globalization Institute Working Papers 313, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    2. Bernstein, Shai & Colonnelli, Emanuele & Giroud, Xavier & Iverson, Benjamin, 2019. "Bankruptcy spillovers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(3), pages 608-633.
    3. Baghai, Ramin & Silva, Rui & Ye, Luofu, 2018. "Teams and Bankruptcy," CEPR Discussion Papers 13198, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Dan Andrews & Filippos Petroulakis, 2017. "Breaking the Shackles: Zombie Firms, Weak Banks and Depressed Restructuring in Europe," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1433, OECD Publishing.
    5. Kentaro NAKAJIMA & Kensuke TESHIMA, 2018. "Identifying Neighborhood Effects among Firms: Evidence from location lotteries of the Tokyo Tsukiji fish market," Discussion papers 18044, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    6. Charles Murry & Yiyi Zhou, 2020. "Consumer Search and Automobile Dealer Colocation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(5), pages 1909-1934, May.
    7. Li, Wei-An & Du, Hanyu & He, Feng, 2025. "Mandatory corporate ESG disclosure and default risk – Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    8. Sina Golara & Kevin J. Dooley & Nasim Mousavi, 2021. "Are Dealers Still Relevant? How Dealer Service Quality Impacts Manufacturer Success," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(10), pages 3560-3578, October.
    9. Srhoj, Stjepan & Kovač, Dejan & Shapiro, Jacob N. & Filer, Randall K., 2023. "The impact of delay: Evidence from formal out-of-court restructuring," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    10. Garcia-Appendini, Emilia, 2018. "Financial distress and competitors' investment," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 182-209.
    11. Baridhi Malakar, 2024. "Essays on Responsible and Sustainable Finance," Papers 2406.12995, arXiv.org.
    12. Dinh, Dung V. & Powell, Robert J. & Vo, Duc H., 2021. "Forecasting corporate financial distress in the Southeast Asian countries: A market-based approach," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    13. Eileen van Straelen, 2021. "Desperate House Sellers: Distress Among Developers," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-065, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    14. Ge, Yao & Huang, Wei & Qiao, Zheng & Zheng, Hao, 2024. "Local labor market and corporate investment," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    15. Gao, Haoyu & Ouyang, Yiling & Wang, Yaxin, 2024. "Corporate bond defaults and spillover effects on bank risk: Evidence from city commercial banks in China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R32 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Other Spatial Production and Pricing Analysis
    • R33 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets

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