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What Determines Entrepreneurial Outcomes in Emerging Markets? The Role of Initial Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Meghana Ayyagari
  • Asli Demirguc-Kunt
  • Vojislav Maksimovic

Abstract

We study how institutions influence start-up characteristics of firms and how these characteristics predict entrants’ growth trajectories over the early firm life cycle. Using census data from India, we find that greater financial development is associated with higher entry rates and smaller-sized entrants. Following entry, however, large and small entrants grow at the same rates across states with different institutions or industries with differing reliance on external finance. The impact of access to finance is greater on start-up size and entry rates than on the subsequent growth of firms during the early life cycle.Received April 30, 2015; editorial decision August 5, 2016 by Editor Andrew Karolyi.

Suggested Citation

  • Meghana Ayyagari & Asli Demirguc-Kunt & Vojislav Maksimovic, 2017. "What Determines Entrepreneurial Outcomes in Emerging Markets? The Role of Initial Conditions," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(7), pages 2478-2522.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:30:y:2017:i:7:p:2478-2522.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhx011
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuji Honjo & Yunosuke Iwaki & Masatoshi Kato, 2025. "Outside or inside the firm? The impact of debt financing on the exit routes of start-up firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(4), pages 1877-1900, April.
    2. Aditya Bhattacharjea, 2019. "Labour Market Flexibility in Indian Industry A Critical Survey of the Literature," Working papers 296, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    3. Das, Abhiman & Ghani, Ejaz & Grover, Arti & Kerr, William & Nanda, Ramana, 2024. "JUE insight: Infrastructure and Finance: Evidence from India’s GQ highway network," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    4. Florian Leon, 2019. "The elusive quest for high- growth firms in Africa: The (lack of) growth persistence in Senegal," Working Papers hal-02493326, HAL.
    5. Fišera, Boris & Horváth, Roman & Melecký, Martin, 2025. "The effect of basel III implementation on SME access to financing in emerging markets and developing economies," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    6. Lin, Boqiang & Li, Minyang, 2023. "Emerging Industry Development and Information Transmission in Financial Markets: Evidence from China's Renewable Energy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    7. Qiu, Muqing & Bai, Yunxia & Chen, Taoqin, 2024. "The impact of asset-liability maturity mismatch on stock returns: Evidence from China during 1998–2021," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    8. Florian Léon, 2020. "Firm growth in developing countries: Driven by external shocks or internal characteristics?," Working Papers hal-03004383, HAL.
    9. Meghana Ayyagari & Asli Demirguc-Kunt & Vojislav Maksimovic, 2021. "Are large firms born or made? Evidence from developing countries," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 191-219, June.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth

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