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Does Participation in 4-H Improve Schooling Outcomes? Evidence from Florida

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  • Alfonso Flores-Lagunes
  • Troy Timko

Abstract

We examine the effect that participation in 4-H, the largest youth development program in the United States, has on standardized test scores. We do this by utilizing grade-level longitudinal data on Florida's school districts from the Florida Department of Education, combined with 4-H participation statistics from the Florida 4-H. Specifically, we analyze the effect of the extent of 4-H participation for third- through tenth grade on the mathematics and reading subtests of the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT). We use a difference-in-difference-in-differences approach to control for potential confounders of the causal relationship at the level of school districts, grades, and years. Our results indicate that the extent of 4-H participation at the district-grade-year level is positively and significantly related to several measures of performance on the FCAT test. Furthermore, we find suggestive evidence that these positive effects of 4-H participation accumulate over time.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfonso Flores-Lagunes & Troy Timko, 2015. "Does Participation in 4-H Improve Schooling Outcomes? Evidence from Florida," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 97(2), pages 414-434.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:97:y:2015:i:2:p:414-434.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ajae/aau060
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    1. Richard Blundell & Monica Costa Dias, 2009. "Alternative Approaches to Evaluation in Empirical Microeconomics," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 44(3).
    2. Aizer, Anna, 2004. "Home alone: supervision after school and child behavior," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(9-10), pages 1835-1848, August.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Peter Berck & Jacob Moe-Lange & Andrew Stevens & Sofia Villas-Boas, 2016. "Measuring Consumer Responses to a Bottled Water Tax Policy," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 98(4), pages 981-996.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education

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