IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ora/journl/v1y2021i1p242-250.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Financial And Operating Risk Analysis Of Two Romanian-Hungarian Border Counties

Author

Listed:
  • Tibor Tarnóczi

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Partium Christian University, Oradea, Romania)

  • Edit Veres

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Partium Christian University, Oradea, Romania)

  • Edina Kulcsár

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Partium Christian University, Oradea, Romania)

Abstract

The study analyzes the risk of companies selected from two Romanian-Hungarian border counties (Bihor and Hajdú-Bihar counties) by the degree of operational and financial leverage ratios. A total of 1,674 companies from the two counties were included in the analysis, in approximately half and half proportions. In the study, operating, financial and combined leverage ratios are used for risk analysis. Because of the large variance of the ratios, outliers were filtered out. The filtering was based on the degree of the combined leverage ratio, which resulted in 107 companies excluded. In the analysis of sectors, there are significant differences in DOL ratio values between counties. For the DFL indicator, the values are much more balanced. There are also larger differences for DCL, which are likely to be caused by DOL values. The analysis showed no statistically significant difference in leverage ratios between the total county data or the sector-disaggregated county data. The analysis also suggested that some accounting reports may contain manipulations but that further investigations are needed to substantiate them adequately.

Suggested Citation

  • Tibor Tarnóczi & Edit Veres & Edina Kulcsár, 2021. "Financial And Operating Risk Analysis Of Two Romanian-Hungarian Border Counties," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 242-250, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:ora:journl:v:1:y:2021:i:1:p:242-250
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://anale.steconomiceuoradea.ro/volume/2021/n1/027.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sarkar, Sudipto, 2018. "Optimal DOL (degree of operating leverage) with investment and production flexibility," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 172-181.
    2. Chen, Zhiyao & Harford, Jarrad & Kamara, Avraham, 2019. "Operating Leverage, Profitability, and Capital Structure," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(1), pages 369-392, February.
    3. Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul haq & Muhammad Sohail Shafiq & Muhammad Kashif & Saba Ameer, 2020. "Determining Force behind Value Premium: The Case of Financial Leverage and Operating Leverage," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, September.
    4. Sudipto Sarkar, 2020. "The relationship between operating leverage and financial leverage," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(S1), pages 805-826, April.
    5. Steven Stelk & Sang‐Hyun Park & Simon Medcalfe & Michael T. Dugan, 2018. "An additional analysis of estimation techniques for the degree of financial leverage," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(3), pages 220-231, July.
    6. Darrat, Ali F. & Mukherjee, Tarun K., 1995. "Inter-industry differences and the impact of operating and financial leverages on equity risk," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 141-155.
    7. Cao, Viet Nga, 2015. "What explains the value premium? The case of adjustment costs, operating leverage and financial leverage," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 350-366.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Huynh, Nhan, 2023. "Unemployment beta and the cross-section of stock returns: Evidence from Australia," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    2. Luis García‐Feijóo & Benjamin A. Jansen, 2023. "International evidence on the association of leverage with stock returns and the value premium," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 58(2), pages 315-341, May.
    3. Marco A. Paganini, 2021. "The DOL-DFL Nexus: The Relationship between the Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) and the Degree of Financial Leverage (DFL)," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(6), pages 1-71, June.
    4. Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul haq & Muhammad Sohail Shafiq & Muhammad Kashif & Saba Ameer, 2020. "Determining Force behind Value Premium: The Case of Financial Leverage and Operating Leverage," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Alfredo Grau & Araceli Reig, 2021. "Operating leverage and profitability of SMEs: agri-food industry in Europe," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 221-242, June.
    6. Liu, Guanchun & Liu, Yuanyuan & Zhang, Chengsi & Zhu, Yueteng, 2021. "Social insurance law and corporate financing decisions in China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 816-837.
    7. David Yechiam Aharon & Yossi Yagil, 2019. "The Impact of Financial Leverage on Shareholders’ Systematic Risk," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-23, November.
    8. Groh, Alexander P. & Gottschalg, Oliver, 2009. "The opportunity cost of capital of US buyouts," IESE Research Papers D/780, IESE Business School.
    9. Adam Zaremba & Jacob Koby Shemer, 2018. "Price-Based Investment Strategies," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-91530-2, September.
    10. Barry, John W. & Campello, Murillo & Graham, John R. & Ma, Yueran, 2022. "Corporate flexibility in a time of crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(3), pages 780-806.
    11. Choi, Jongmoo Jay & Ju, Ming & Trigeorgis, Lenos & Zhang, Xiaotian Tina, 2021. "Outsourcing flexibility under financial constraints," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    12. Scarpin, Marcia Regina Santiago & Scarpin, Jorge Eduardo & Krespi Musial, Nayane Thais & Nakamura, Wilson Toshiro, 2022. "The implications of COVID-19: Bullwhip and ripple effects in global supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    13. Young-Hye Cho & Robert F. Engle, 1999. "Time-Varying Betas and Asymmetric Effect of News: Empirical Analysis of Blue Chip Stocks," NBER Working Papers 7330, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Cheng, Benjamin S., 1999. "Beyond the purchasing power parity: testing for cointegration and causality between exchange rates, prices, and interest rates," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(6), pages 911-924, December.
    15. Alexander Peter Groh & Oliver Gottschalg, 2008. "The Opportunity Cost of Capital of US Buyouts," NBER Working Papers 14148, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Sarkar, Sudipto, 2021. "The uncertainty-investment relationship with endogenous capacity," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    17. Maretno Agus Harjoto, 2017. "Corporate social responsibility and degrees of operating and financial leverage," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 49(2), pages 487-513, August.
    18. Hossain, Mohammed Sawkat, 2021. "A revisit of capital structure puzzle: Global evidence and analysis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 657-678.
    19. Liu, Hao & Gao, Ya-Chun, 2019. "The impact of corporate lifecycle on Fama–French three-factor model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 513(C), pages 390-398.
    20. Koussis, Nicos & Silaghi, Florina, 2023. "Revenue-sharing and volume flexibility in the supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    corporate risk; degree of operating leverage; degree of financial leverage; comparative financial analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ora:journl:v:1:y:2021:i:1:p:242-250. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catalin ZMOLE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/feoraro.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.