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Interconnected pathways link faecal microbiota plasma lipids and brain activity to childhood malnutrition related cognition

Author

Listed:
  • T. Portlock

    (University of Auckland)

  • T. Shama

    (International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research)

  • S. H. Kakon

    (International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research)

  • B. Hartjen

    (Boston Children’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School)

  • C. Pook

    (University of Auckland)

  • B. C. Wilson

    (University of Auckland)

  • A. Bhuttor

    (Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • D. Ho

    (University of Auckland)

  • I. Shennon

    (University of Auckland)

  • A. M. Engelstad

    (Boston Children’s Hospital
    Harvard Graduate School of Education)

  • R. Lorenzo

    (Boston Children’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School)

  • G. Greaves

    (Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • N. Rahman

    (Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • C. Kelsey

    (Boston Children’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School)

  • P. D. Gluckman

    (University of Auckland
    Harvard Medical School)

  • J. M. O’Sullivan

    (University of Auckland
    Agency for Science Technology and Research
    The University of Auckland
    University of Southampton)

  • R. Haque

    (International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research
    Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • T. Forrester

    (University of the West Indies (UWI))

  • C. A. Nelson

    (Boston Children’s Hospital
    Harvard Medical School
    Harvard Graduate School of Education)

Abstract

Malnutrition affects over 30 million children annually and has profound immediate and enduring repercussions. Survivors often suffer lasting neurocognitive consequences that impact academic performance and socioeconomic outcomes. Mechanistic understanding of the emergence of these consequences is poorly understood. Using multi-system SHAP interpreted random forest models and network analysis, we show that Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) associates with enrichment of faecal Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus salivarius and depletion of Bacteroides fragilis in a cohort of one-year-old children in Dhaka, Bangladesh. These microbiome changes form interconnected pathways that involve reduced plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels, decreased gamma and beta electroencephalogram power in temporal and frontal brain regions, and reduced vocalization. These findings support the hypothesis that prolonged colonization by oral commensal species delay gut microbiome and brain development. While causal links require empirical validation, this study provides insights to improve interventions targeting MAM-associated neurodevelopmental deficits.

Suggested Citation

  • T. Portlock & T. Shama & S. H. Kakon & B. Hartjen & C. Pook & B. C. Wilson & A. Bhuttor & D. Ho & I. Shennon & A. M. Engelstad & R. Lorenzo & G. Greaves & N. Rahman & C. Kelsey & P. D. Gluckman & J. M, 2025. "Interconnected pathways link faecal microbiota plasma lipids and brain activity to childhood malnutrition related cognition," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-55798-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55798-3
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    1. Guilherme Fahur Bottino & Kevin S. Bonham & Fadheela Patel & Shelley McCann & Michal Zieff & Nathalia Naspolini & Daniel Ho & Theo Portlock & Raphaela Joos & Firas S. Midani & Paulo Schüroff & Anubhav, 2025. "Early life microbial succession in the gut follows common patterns in humans across the globe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-12, December.

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