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On the Strategic Role of Outside Options in Bilateral Bargaining

Author

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  • Abhinay Muthoo

    (University of Essex, Colchester, England)

Abstract

This paper studies a model of the situation in which two players are bargaining face-to-face over the partition of a unit size cake and, moreover, one of the players can choose to temporarily leave the negotiating table to search for an outside option. A main conclusion is that the equilibrium outcome does not depend on whether a bargainer is allowed (within the game form) to choose to return to the negotiating table to resume bargaining after having searched for some finite time. Moreover, it is shown that our strategic bargaining-search game approximately implements an appropriately defined Nash bargaining solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Abhinay Muthoo, 1995. "On the Strategic Role of Outside Options in Bilateral Bargaining," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 43(2), pages 292-297, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:oropre:v:43:y:1995:i:2:p:292-297
    DOI: 10.1287/opre.43.2.292
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Binmore, Ken & Osborne, Martin J. & Rubinstein, Ariel, 1992. "Noncooperative models of bargaining," Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications, in: R.J. Aumann & S. Hart (ed.), Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 7, pages 179-225, Elsevier.
    2. Thomas, Charles J., 2018. "An alternating-offers model of multilateral negotiations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 269-293.
    3. Saša Zorc & Ilia Tsetlin, 2020. "Deadlines, Offer Timing, and the Search for Alternatives," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 68(3), pages 927-948, May.
    4. Anita Gantner, 2007. "Bargaining, Search, and Outside Options," Working Papers 2007-16, Faculty of Economics and Statistics, Universität Innsbruck.
    5. Flesch, J. & Kuipers, J. & Schoenmakers, G. & Vrieze, K., 2013. "Subgame-perfection in free transition games," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 228(1), pages 201-207.
    6. Fengjiao Chen & Chiu Yu Ko & Duozhe Li, 2018. "On the role of outside options in wage renegotiation," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(4), pages 792-803, October.
    7. Helios Herrera & Antonin Macé & Matias Nùnez, 2023. "Political Brinkmanship and Compromise," Working Papers halshs-03225030, HAL.
    8. Gantner, Anita, 2008. "Bargaining, search, and outside options," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 417-435, March.
    9. Manel Baucells & Steven A. Lippman, 2004. "Bargaining with Search as an Outside Option: The Impact of the Buyer's Future Availability," Decision Analysis, INFORMS, vol. 1(4), pages 235-249, December.
    10. Moon, Yongma & Yao, Tao & Park, Sungsoon, 2011. "Price negotiation under uncertainty," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(2), pages 413-423, December.
    11. Chatterjee, Kalyan & Lee, Ching Chyi, 1998. "Bargaining and Search with Incomplete Information about Outside Options," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 203-237, February.
    12. Zhenyu Hu & Wenjie Tang, 2021. "Size Matters, So Does Duration: The Interplay Between Offer Size and Offer Deadline," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(8), pages 4935-4960, August.
    13. Rami Zwick & Ching Chyi Lee, 1999. "Bargaining and Search: An Experimental Study," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 8(6), pages 463-487, November.
    14. Kalyan Chatterjee & Kaustav Das, 2013. "Decentralised Bilateral Trading in a Market with Incomplete Information," Discussion Papers 1313, University of Exeter, Department of Economics.
    15. Chatterjee, Kalyan & Das, Kaustav, 2017. "Bilateral trading and incomplete information: Price convergence in a small market," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 89-113.
    16. Fiona Scott Morton & Jorge Silva-Risso & Florian Zettelmeyer, 2011. "What matters in a price negotiation: Evidence from the U.S. auto retailing industry," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 365-402, December.
    17. Flesch, J. & Kuipers, J. & Schoenmakers, G. & Vrieze, K., 2011. "Subgame-perfection in free transition games," Research Memorandum 047, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).

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