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Benchmarking a Scalable Approximate Dynamic Programming Algorithm for Stochastic Control of Grid-Level Energy Storage

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  • Daniel F. Salas

    (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540)

  • Warren B. Powell

    (Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540)

Abstract

We present and benchmark an approximate dynamic programming algorithm that is capable of designing near-optimal control policies for a portfolio of heterogenous storage devices in a time-dependent environment, where wind supply, demand, and electricity prices may evolve stochastically. We found that the algorithm was able to design storage policies that are within 0.08% of optimal on deterministic models, and within 0.86% on stochastic models. We use the algorithm to analyze a dual-storage system with different capacities and losses, and show that the policy properly uses the low-loss device (which is typically much more expensive) for high-frequency variations. We close by demonstrating the algorithm on a five-device system. The algorithm easily scales to handle heterogeneous portfolios of storage devices distributed over the grid and more complex storage networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel F. Salas & Warren B. Powell, 2018. "Benchmarking a Scalable Approximate Dynamic Programming Algorithm for Stochastic Control of Grid-Level Energy Storage," INFORMS Journal on Computing, INFORMS, vol. 30(1), pages 106-123, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:inm:orijoc:v:30:y:2018:i:1:p:106-123
    DOI: 10.1287/ijoc.2017.0768
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Lin, Zhiyi & Song, Chunyue & Zhao, Jun & Yin, Huan, 2022. "Improved approximate dynamic programming for real-time economic dispatch of integrated microgrids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    3. Wen, Kerui & Li, Weidong & Yu, Samson Shenglong & Li, Ping & Shi, Peng, 2022. "Optimal intra-day operations of behind-the-meter battery storage for primary frequency regulation provision: A hybrid lookahead method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).

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