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Screening of Tree Species for Improving Outdoor Human Thermal Comfort in a Taiwanese City

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  • Yu-Hao Lin

    (Program of Landscape and Recreation, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Kang-Ting Tsai

    (Program of Landscape and Recreation, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan)

Abstract

Tropical cities can use urban greening designs featuring trees that provide shade and cooling in hot outdoor environments. The cooling effect involves numerous tree characteristics that are not easy to control during planting design, such as the canopy size and the optical properties of leaves. Planting the appropriate tree species dominates the cooling effects and the human thermal environment. Based on environmental and plant data, including the tree species, crown diameter of trees, physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), and sky view factor (SVF) in an outdoor space, a series of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) procedures was implemented to identify the tree species that are appropriate for improving thermal comfort. The results indicated strong correlations between SVF, average crown diameter, and PET. SVF decreased as the average crown diameter increased. For the average crown diameter of trees in an area wider than 1.5 m, the cooling effect was especially dominated by the tree species. Therefore, 15 species were screened by HCA procedures, based on a similar cooling effect. These species had various cooling effects, and were divided into four categories. Tree species, such as Spathodea campanulata and Cinnamomum camphora , had the appropriate crown diameter and cooling effect for the most comfortable thermal environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu-Hao Lin & Kang-Ting Tsai, 2017. "Screening of Tree Species for Improving Outdoor Human Thermal Comfort in a Taiwanese City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:340-:d:91374
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karsten Grunewald & Olaf Bastian ., 2017. "Special Issue: “Maintaining Ecosystem Services to Support Urban Needs”," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-9, September.
    2. Chih-Hong Huang & Hsin-Hua Tsai & Hung-chen Chen, 2020. "Influence of Weather Factors on Thermal Comfort in Subtropical Urban Environments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-23, March.
    3. Jingming Qian & Shujiang Miao & Nigel Tapper & Jianguang Xie & Greg Ingleton, 2020. "Investigation on Airport Landscape Cooling Associated with Irrigation: A Case Study of Adelaide Airport, Australia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Randa Osama Shata & Ayman Hassaan Mahmoud & Mohammad Fahmy, 2021. "Correlating the Sky View Factor with the Pedestrian Thermal Environment in a Hot Arid University Campus Plaza," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-25, January.
    5. Farshid Aram & Ebrahim Solgi & Ester Higueras García & Amir Mosavi & Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy, 2019. "The Cooling Effect of Large-Scale Urban Parks on Surrounding Area Thermal Comfort," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-21, October.

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