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How Do Terrestrial Determinants Impact the Response of Water Quality to Climate Drivers?—An Elasticity Perspective on the Water–Land–Climate Nexus

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  • Afed U. Khan

    (School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Bannu 25000, Pakistan)

  • Jiping Jiang

    (School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
    School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China)

  • Ashish Sharma

    (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Peng Wang

    (School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Jehanzeb Khan

    (Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

Abstract

Investigating water–land–climate interactions is critical for urban development and watershed management. This study examined this nexus by elasticity and statistical approaches through the lens of three watersheds: The Yukon, Mekong and Murray. Here, this study reports the fundamental characteristics, explanations and ecological and management implications of terrestrial determinant influence on the response of water quality to climate drivers. The stability of the response, measured by climate elasticity of water quality (CEWQ), is highly dependent on terrestrial determinants, with strong impacts from anthropogenic biomes and low impacts from surficial geology. Compared to temperature elasticity, precipitation elasticity of water quality is more unstable due to its possible linkages with many terrestrial determinants. Correlation and linear models were developed for the interaction system, which uncovered many interesting scenarios. The results implied that watersheds with a higher ratio of rangeland biomes have a lower risk of instability as compared to watersheds with a higher proportion of dense settlement, cropland and forested biomes. This study discusses some of the most essential pathways where instability might adversely affect CEWQ parameters and recommends suggestions for policy makers to alleviate the instability impacts to bring sustainability to the water environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Afed U. Khan & Jiping Jiang & Ashish Sharma & Peng Wang & Jehanzeb Khan, 2017. "How Do Terrestrial Determinants Impact the Response of Water Quality to Climate Drivers?—An Elasticity Perspective on the Water–Land–Climate Nexus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:11:p:2118-:d:119373
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Azam Haidary & Bahman Amiri & Jan Adamowski & Nicola Fohrer & Kaneyuki Nakane, 2013. "Assessing the Impacts of Four Land Use Types on the Water Quality of Wetlands in Japan," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(7), pages 2217-2229, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ruichen Xu & Yong Pang & Zhibing Hu & Xiaoyan Hu, 2022. "The Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Water Quality and Main Controlling Factors of Algal Blooms in Tai Lake, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, May.

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