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Capacity Optimization for Coordinated Operation of Hybrid Electrolytic Cells Based on Wavelet Packet

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  • Yi Yang

    (College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
    Key Laboratory of Integrated Energy Optimization and Secure Operation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)

  • Bowen Zhou

    (College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
    Key Laboratory of Integrated Energy Optimization and Secure Operation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)

  • Yang Xu

    (College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
    Key Laboratory of Integrated Energy Optimization and Secure Operation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)

  • Juan Zhang

    (College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
    Key Laboratory of Integrated Energy Optimization and Secure Operation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)

  • Bo Yang

    (College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
    Key Laboratory of Integrated Energy Optimization and Secure Operation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)

  • Guiping Zhou

    (State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110006, China)

  • Shunjiang Wang

    (State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110006, China)

Abstract

Hydrogen production through electrolysis of water can achieve efficient, stable and diversified utilization of renewable energy. To this end, a hybrid electrolyzer system for hydrogen production based on bi-layer optimization is constructed. Firstly, the wind and photovoltaic power is decomposed into high-frequency and low-frequency components by an adaptive wavelet packet. The low-frequency power is allocated to the alkaline electrolyzers (AWE) to ensure its stability, and the high-frequency power is allocated to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) with a faster response characteristic, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. This paper proposes a bi-layer optimization model, in which the upper-layer objective is to minimize the cost of mixed hydrogen production, and the lower-layer optimization objective is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy. The differential evolution algorithm optimizes the upper-layer objective, with results sent to the lower layer. Then, the YALMIP toolbox is used to solve the lower-layer objective. Through case analysis, the optimal proportion of AWE and PEM hydrogen electrolyzers obtained by this optimization method is 89.5 and 10.5, respectively. Compared with a single type of electrolyzer, the method proposed in this paper effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the cost of hydrogen production.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi Yang & Bowen Zhou & Yang Xu & Juan Zhang & Bo Yang & Guiping Zhou & Shunjiang Wang, 2025. "Capacity Optimization for Coordinated Operation of Hybrid Electrolytic Cells Based on Wavelet Packet," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:14:p:6412-:d:1700690
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yu, Binbin & Fan, Guangyao & Sun, Kai & Chen, Jing & Sun, Bo & Tian, Peigen, 2024. "Adaptive energy optimization strategy of island renewable power-to-hydrogen system with hybrid electrolyzers structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    2. Zainal, Bidattul Syirat & Jern, Ker Pin & Mohamed, Hassan & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Fattah, I.M.R. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Nghiem, Long D. & Mahlia, T.M. Indra, 2024. "Corrigendum to Recent advancement and assessment of green hydrogen production technologies [Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 189 (2024) 5–5/113941]," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    3. Christopher Selvam, D. & Devarajan, Yuvarajan & Raja, T. & Vickram, Sundaram, 2025. "Advancements in water electrolysis technologies and enhanced storage solutions for green hydrogen using renewable energy sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 390(C).
    4. Giuseppe De Lorenzo & Raffaele Giuseppe Agostino & Petronilla Fragiacomo, 2022. "Dynamic Electric Simulation Model of a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer System for Hydrogen Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, September.
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